Chapter 597: Chapter 170, Perplexed and Confused

As the 19th century drew to a close, the wave of colonialism was also in its final stages. All the land suitable for colonies around the world had been carved up, leaving only scraps and hard nuts to crack.

With the deepening of colonial expansion, the buffer zones between countries disappeared, and international conflicts increasingly escalated.

Particularly, the scramble for the remaining lands intensified. This continued until the "Anglo-Ebura War" after which, having directly confronted each other in South Africa, the Anglo-Austrian countries realized the horrors of war and began to calm down.

The essence of European colonization was to make money, not so-called territorial expansion. While competing for colonies, the primary consideration was the problem of investment and return.

England, France, and Austria were the big winners of the colonial era; even the French Empire, with the least colonies, started with tens of millions of square kilometers.