People would often think of the proctology department as a place to only treat hemorrhoids. This wasn't actually the case. The proctology department was focused on treating all diseases related to the last part of the digestive system. In proctology, there were still many diseases which had causes that weren't fully understood yet. Since the causes were still unknown, prevention would be highly difficult.
To give an example using hemorrhoids which many people were familiar with, there were currently two main prevailing theories for the formation of hemorrhoids. To explain the first theory simply, the blood vessels in the hemorrhoids would become obstructed from things such as sitting down for too long, constipation, gestation, an enlarged prostate, a large pelvic tumor, and so on. These all might cause the veins in the rectum to become obstructed.