Richard Wright is important. His novel 'Native Son' was a powerful exploration of race and poverty. Toni Morrison is also a key figure. Her works like 'Beloved' are deeply moving and complex examinations of African American history and identity. Zora Neale Hurston with 'Their Eyes Were Watching God' is another significant writer.
One of the most prominent is Frederick Douglass, who through his autobiography, which was a precursor to the novel form, influenced many. Langston Hughes, though mainly known as a poet, also wrote important prose works. Alice Walker with 'The Color Purple' is also an important part of the history of African American novels. She explored themes of gender, race and family in a very poignant way.