One common theme is the theme of rescue. Usually, the other characters, like Dean and Sam, will go to great lengths to save Castiel. For example, they might face numerous dangerous creatures or powerful enemies in their quest to rescue him.
The theme of loyalty is also prevalent. The friends of Castiel will not abandon him no matter how difficult the situation is. Their loyalty is tested, and it emphasizes the strong relationships within the Supernatural universe. In some fanfictions, it might also explore the loyalty of Castiel himself, even in the face of his kidnappers' threats or temptations.
A common plot is that Castiel kidnaps someone he believes is key to saving Dean or Sam. For example, in many fics, he might think a fan has some sort of special power or knowledge. Another plot is that he's being manipulated by other forces to kidnap someone, and then he has to figure out how to make it right.
One common theme is identity. Since Castiel is usually male in the original series, when she's female in fanfiction, there's a lot of exploration about how she sees herself and how others perceive her. For example, some fics show her struggling with the new body and the expectations that come with it.
One common theme is friendship. Their bond, whether it's a platonic friendship or something more, is often explored. Writers like to show how they support each other through tough times.
One common theme is redemption. When Castiel is hurt, often the story will revolve around him finding a way to redeem himself, whether it's from a mistake he made that led to his pain or just from a sense of lost purpose. For example, in some fanfictions, he might have been hurt because he trusted the wrong entity and then has to make amends.
One common theme is redemption. Since Castiel has made some mistakes in the show, a lot of fanfiction focuses on him trying to make up for those. Another theme is his relationship with the other main characters, like Dean and Sam. His loyalty and how it is tested is often explored.
One common theme is Castiel's struggle with his angelic nature and his growing humanity. He often has to choose between following angelic orders and doing what he believes is right. Another theme is his loyalty to the Winchesters, especially Dean. His relationship with Dean is a central focus in many fanfics, whether it's a deep friendship or something more. Also, themes of redemption are common, as Castiel has made many mistakes in the series and fanfics often explore his path to redemption.
There's also a story where Castiel kidnaps a fan in a desperate attempt to save the world. It's a complex plot that involves time travel and alternate universes. You can find it on FanFiction.net. The story really delves into Castiel's character and his motives behind the kidnapping.
The theme of unrequited love can be common. Maybe Castiel has feelings for someone who doesn't return them. Guilt is also a big one. He might feel guilty for actions he took that had negative consequences. And the idea of being an outcast. Since he's different from both angels and humans in many ways, he often feels like an outcast, which brings about a lot of sadness in fanfictions about him.
One common theme is family. Since Castiel is the little brother, stories often explore his relationships with his siblings, like loyalty, rivalry, or protection within the family. Another theme is growth. As the little brother, he is likely to grow and develop, both in power and character. For example, he might learn important lessons about himself and his place in the family. Also, discovery is a theme. He could discover new abilities or secrets related to his family or his own identity.
Isolation is a very common theme. Since Castiel is abandoned, he often finds himself alone, cut off from his former celestial family. This isolation makes him question his identity and purpose.