Madara Uchiha would also make a great antagonist. Imagine if he was resurrected and saw Naruto with Samehada as a threat to his plans of creating a new world order. He would use his Sharingan and Rinnegan powers to try and take Samehada from Naruto, believing that with it, he could easily defeat all who oppose him and reshape the ninja world according to his will.
It could be someone who wants to steal Samehada for its power. Maybe a rogue ninja who has heard of Samehada's ability to absorb chakra and plans to use it to take over the ninja world.
One possible plot could be that Naruto somehow gets bonded with Samehada. Maybe during a battle in an alternate dimension where the laws of chakra and weapons are all jumbled. Naruto starts to learn how to use Samehada's unique abilities, like absorbing chakra not just to power himself but also to heal. This causes a stir among the ninja world as they see Naruto with this new and somewhat menacing power - the power to drain their chakra with ease. His friends are initially cautious but then come to realize that Naruto is still the same person inside and they work together to master this new form of power.
Another way is that Samehada might be given to Naruto by a mysterious figure. This figure recognizes Naruto's potential and believes that he can handle the power of Samehada. This then sets off a chain of events where Naruto has to learn about and master Samehada's abilities.
Madara Uchiha could still be a great antagonist. Even with Itachi and Naruto teaming up, Madara's power and his long - term plans for the ninja world would pose a huge threat. His knowledge of the Sharingan and his connection to the Uchiha clan would make for an interesting conflict against Itachi, while his overall strength would be a challenge for Naruto as well.
A new character could be created. This character could be a powerful slug - human hybrid who has been corrupted by the dark side of both worlds' powers. He wants to rule over both Naruto's world and Slugterra, believing that the two worlds should be united under his rule. He has the ability to use both ninja techniques and slug powers, making him a very difficult opponent to defeat.
Perhaps an ancient and evil ninja from a long - lost clan that was sealed away behind the gate. He resents the modern ninja world and wants to destroy it. He has unique and powerful jutsus that Naruto and his friends have never seen before.
It could be someone like Doctor Octopus who gets his hands on some ninja technology. He could use it to enhance his mechanical arms and also start stealing chakra from people to power his new devices. His scientific mind combined with the newfound ninja powers would make him a formidable foe for Naruto and Spiderman.
It could be Orochimaru. He's always had his eyes on Sasuke and Naruto has also been in his crosshairs. He could return with some new and more powerful jutsu, forcing Naruto and Sasuke to put aside their differences and fight him together. Maybe he has a plan to take over the entire ninja world this time.
It could be a powerful dark spirit from Kagome's world that somehow manages to cross over to the Naruto universe and starts causing chaos. This spirit might be immune to normal ninja attacks and require Kagome's spiritual powers to be defeated.
Maybe another kitsune who has gone bad. In the fanfiction world, there could be a rogue kitsune who sees Naruto as a threat. This antagonist kitsune might be jealous of Naruto's power or his connection to the human world. They could try to undermine Naruto's attempts to protect the village or his friends.