Li Shizhen's Historical Backgrounds

Li Shizhen was a famous doctor and pharmacist during the Ming Dynasty. He lived between 1518 and 1593. His representative work was the Compendium of Materia Medica, which was regarded as one of the classics of ancient Chinese medicine and made an important contribution to the development of traditional Chinese medicine. Li Shizhen was born into a medical family and received family medical education since childhood. Later, she gradually grew up to be a doctor who was proficient in pharmacology. During his career, he traveled around the world to observe and study a large number of drugs and recorded their effects, uses, production methods, side effects, and other information. He also conducted extensive research on traditional Chinese medicine and wrote many important medical works, including Compendium of Materia Medica, Qianjin Yaofang and Typhoid and Various Disease, which had a profound impact on the development of ancient Chinese medicine. Li Shizhen had been praised and rewarded by the imperial court many times in his career. He was known as the "Medical Saint" and "King of Medicine". His medical achievements were widely praised and had an important impact on the development of ancient Chinese medicine. It was still widely used in the research and application of traditional Chinese medicine.

Li Shizhen had the following prescriptions related to dampness: 1. Huiqiong Powder: It was based on the Shenling Baizhu Powder in Taiping Huimin Heji Bureau Fang of the Song Dynasty. [Recipe] Chicken's membrane 3g, ginseng 10g, red bean 15g, coix seed 15g, white bean 10g, poria cocos 10g, platycodi 6g, amomum fruit 6g, yam 15g, lotus seed 10g, licorice 6g. < Effect > It is suitable for moisture, phlegm, greasy face, edema, and obese conditions. [Solution] Ginseng can solve the problem of qi deficiency; Chicken's membrane can not only remove dampness and heat in the liver meridian, but also eliminate the accumulation of spleen and stomach, strengthen the spleen, nourish the spleen, eliminate dampness, and solve the problem of spleen deficiency and weak stomach; Amomum villosum fragrance can regulate qi, strengthen the spleen and wake up the stomach, eliminate dampness and appetize the appetite, warm the spleen and stop diarrhea, and solve the problem of spleen deficiency and weak stomach; Platycorum grandiflorum can dredge the lung, relieve the throat, eliminate phlegm, eliminate phlegm and dampness, and solve the problem of weak lung and chest tightness; Chinese yam and lotus seeds can nourish yin and kidney. Red bean, coix seed, poria cocos, and white bean were combined to promote water infiltration and achieve the best effect of strengthening the spleen and replenishing the stomach. < Method > First wash all the herbs and start cooking. First boil them on high heat until the water boils, then turn to low heat and cook. 20 minutes before cooking, add rock sugar and continue to boil until the rock sugar melts. Then turn off the fire. 2. ** Folk prescription **: It is mainly composed of five herbs, namely, Solomon's seal, Cassia seed, Peach seed, Coir seed, and poria cocos. Solomon's seal had the benefits of nourishing the spleen, nourishing the lungs, and promoting salivation; Cassia seed could clear the liver and improve eyesight, relieve diarrhea, and laxative, and also help to lower blood pressure and blood fat; Peach seed had the benefits of promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis, loosening the intestines and relieving diarrhea, relieving cough and relieving asthma; Coix seed had the benefits of water permeating dampness, strengthening the spleen and stopping diarrhea, removing arthralgia, expelling pus, detoxifying and dispersing stagnation; and poria cocos had the benefits of disharmony, strengthening the spleen, and calming the heart. The combination was very beneficial for the body to dispel dampness and strengthen the spleen.

The full text of the epitaph of Li Shizhen's son, Li Jianyuan, is as follows: Li Yao's ancestor, Li Gong, was named Jianyuan. From the fourth year of Yuanhe to Wuwu, that is, in 1371 AD, he was the chief of Nanjing Ministry of Punishment. In the fifth year of Yuanhe, he died at the age of 54. His wife, Zhou, a native of Nanjing, died in the same year at the age of forty-four. His body was buried on the 20th of May, the seventh year of Yuanhe, in the Purple Mountain Basalt. His tomb was built with square soil, about three meters high and two meters deep. The full text is as follows: In the fourth year of Yuanhe, Li Shizhen, the son of Li Shizhen, the chief of the Nanjing Ministry of Punishment, died at the age of 54 in the fifth year of Yuanhe. His wife, Zhou, was born in Nanjing and died in the same year at the age of forty-four. His body was buried on May 20, the seventh year of Yuanhe, Jiashen, in Zijin Mountain Basalt. The tomb was built with square soil, about three meters high and two meters deep. The full text of the monument is as follows: The public name Jianyuan word pharmacist Nanjing Board of Punishments. Li Shizhen's "Compendium of Materia Medica" is a monumental work of traditional Chinese medicine, and its influence has not declined until now. He was born in the fourth year of Yuanhe and died in the seventh year of Yuanhe at the age of 54. His wife, Zhou, from Nanjing, also died in the same year. Liu Gong was born in Yuanhe four years ago, married Zhou, gave birth to two sons, one called Li Ming and the other called Li Tai. Li Ming died young and Li Tai inherited his career. He was buried in the Purple Mountain Basalt. The tomb was built with square soil, about three meters high and two meters deep. His life was recorded in the History of the Ming Dynasty and the Compendium of Materia Medica. His career has been one of the founders of traditional Chinese medicine. His wife, Mrs. Zhou, was born in Nanjing and was also good at medicine. Her book "Zhou's Women's Department" has been handed down to this day. The cemetery here has been expanded and a monument has been erected to commemorate his life story for future generations.

Compendium of Materia Medica was an encyclopedia of 1892 kinds of medicines written by Li Shizhen, a pharmacist in the Ming Dynasty. This book recorded the nature and taste of the medicine, the main treatment, the rules of medication, the place of origin, the form, the collection, the processing, the compatibility of prescriptions, and other detailed information. It was a summary of ancient Chinese pharmaceutics and was hailed as a precious heritage of Chinese medicine. Li Shizhen spent more than 30 years writing this masterpiece. He had accumulated a lot of pharmaceutical knowledge through learning and interviewing farmers, folk doctors, hunters, fishermen, and other working people. He also conducted field observations and investigations, picking plants as research materials. Compendium of Materia Medica was regarded as a great classic of Eastern medicine, which played an important role in promoting the development of modern Chinese pharmacology.

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Qimen Dunjia had a deep historical background. At first, the relevant content recorded in history was the Five Books of the Six Jia. Later, there was the Solitary Void after the Wind. With the application of the Nine Palace Method of Taiyi (Nine Chops Arithmetic) and the integration of the Six Ren Knowledge, it formed an independent academic. Together with Taiyi and Liuren, it was known as the "Big Three Styles" and was called "Internal Calculation". According to historical records, Liuren appeared the earliest, followed by Qimen and Taiyi. In the early stages of its development, there was no such name as Qimen Dunjia. When it was first created, it had 4,096 stages, but later it was improved to 1,080 stages. During the Zhou Dynasty, Jiang Shang had to compress it to 72 stages because of the formation of the army. In the Han Dynasty, Zhang Liang was taught by Huang Shigong and reformed it to nine stages of Yin Escape and nine stages of Yang Escape, a total of 18 stages. The legend of the origin of Qimen Dunjia was related to the Yellow Emperor. It was said that when the Yellow Emperor fought Chiyou, he fought hard for years. The Yellow Emperor even dreamed that the God of Heaven gave him a talisman scripture. Later, he ascended the altar to offer sacrifices and practiced devoutly to obtain the complete talisman scripture. There was also a dragon turtle from the river, a colorful phoenix holding a book in its mouth in the blue clouds, the Yellow Emperor ordered the wind to write a book, and Qimen Dunjia began from then on. At that time, there were 360 days in a year and 12 hours a day. There were a total of 4320 hours, and every hour was a Mystic Gate Game. In terms of function, it integrated knowledge from many disciplines, including astronomy, calendar, war, strategy, philosophy, and so on. It was a model of time, space, image, number, and theory, covering elements related to the success or failure of things such as time, geography, human harmony, and divine assistance. The typical representatives of ancient times were the Yellow Emperor, Jiang Taigong, Zhang Liang, Zhuge Liang, Liu Bowen, etc. They were often used in national affairs and military strategies. In the Tang Dynasty, General Li Jing wrote books such as the Secret of One Thousand Ways of Dun Jia, which described in detail the methods of using Qimen in military affairs. This made Dun Jia a collection within the royal family. However, in history, there were misunderstandings about the connection between some people and Qimen Dunjia. For example, the knowledge of Qimen Dunjia might not have appeared during the Three Kingdoms period. Zhuge Liang might not know Qimen Dunjia, but he might know Liuren. However, the Eight Formation Map he created borrowed the method of Qimen Dunjia. With the development of history, when Taoism flourished, it often went to the royal family to read Qimen Liuren and other knowledge. Therefore, the so-called spells of Taoism were added, resulting in some deification of Qimen Dunjia. Qimen Dunjia was popular in the Northern and Southern Dynasties. It was known as the highest level of prediction of Taoism. It was a relatively complete model for the ancients to understand the objective world. Its influence was far-reaching. Taiyi used Tianyuan as the main measurement of state affairs, Qimen used Tianyuan as the main measurement of collective affairs, and Liuren used Renyuan as the main measurement of personnel.

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