Bab 2: Info
This is for those who haven't seen or watched Avatar.
Jake Sully is the protagonist of the first Avatar film and a major character in Avatar: The Way of Water. He is a 22 year old paraplegic renegade Marine veteran at the start of the first film. Jake becomes one of the 20 known avatar drivers and later defects to the Na'vi species after witnessing the RDA's greed and brutality against the Na'vi.
After his twin brother, Tom, was murdered on Earth, Jake replaced him in the Avatar Program on Pandora, in which humans remotely control human/Na'vi hybrids to safely navigate the planet. He was originally assigned to gather intel that would help Colonel Quaritch find a way to force the Na'vi to leave Hometree, or destroy it if necessary, as the Na'vi occupation of Hometree was blocking the RDA's access to a very large deposit of unobtanium underneath the tree. After spending time with the Na'vi, Jake abandons his original mission and stops reporting to Quaritch. Jake learns the ways of the Na'vi hunters from Neytiri and falls in love with her. He is eventually accepted into the Omaticaya clan and becomes Neytiri's mate. He turns against the RDA and, after becoming the sixth Toruk Makto, leads the Na'vi in a battle to drive the RDA off Pandora.
After driving off the humans, he lives a life on Pandora and guides the clan as a clan leader. Jake and Neytiri become the parents of three biological children (Neteyam, Lo'ak and Tuktirey), as well as two adoptive children (Miles Socorro and Kiri).
On Earth
Jake Sully was born on August 24, 2126[1][2] and raised on Earth. He grew up hearing about Pandora, a small moon orbiting the gas giant Polyphemus in the Alpha Centauri System and lived his childhood with his twin brother, Tommy. While Tommy was into studying, Jake was the more outgoing sibling. The brothers both enjoyed learning about myths and legends about heroes, with Jake being interested in Alexander the Great. Jake apparently did not have a fondness for high school, chemistry, or both, as he mentions he would ditch his high school chemistry classes.
He joined the Marines as an adult for the hardship involved and a cause to fight for, but suffered a spinal injury in an unnamed war while fighting in Venezuela. The injury was severe, leaving him paralyzed from the waist down. While recovering in the VA hospital, he would often have strange recurring dreams of flying over a jungle, feeling free.
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Jake in his one-room apartment.
By the year 2148, Earth's population is approximately 20,000,000,000, and its resources rapidly depleting, with pollution, famine, poverty, and war. Jake lived in a small, dilapidated apartment in a large city complex wherein its citizens were recommended to wear masks to combat its air pollution; he also remarks that simply buying a basic cup of coffee has become ridiculously expensive. Since his veteran benefits were not enough to pay for the surgery to repair his spine due to a highly inflated economy, he had no choice but to live out his life in a wheelchair.
After a night of drinking, Jake starts a bar fight with a man who strikes a woman. After breaking up the fight, the bouncers throw him out into the street where he is approached by two RDA agents. They confirm his identity and inform him that his identical twin brother, Tom, had been killed in a mugging.[3] His brother was one of the selected few scientists chosen to participate in the Avatar Program and one of even fewer avatar "drivers." Tom had trained on Earth for three years in preparation for a tour on Pandora and represented a significant investment on the part of the Resources Development Administration due to the inherent link between the pilot and the avatar he controls, as well as the enormous cost of creating an avatar. Since Jake is genetically identical to his brother, he can link with the avatar, saving the company the cost of creating a new one. After being offered significant compensation, he apprehensively agrees to take over his brother's contract and is put in cryosleep for the trip to Pandora.
Arrival on Pandora
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3D Version: red/cyan, cross-eyedJake wakes up from cryo on the ISV Venture Star
In 2154, after five years, nine months and 22 days of travel, Jake awakens from cryosleep aboard the ISV Venture Star as it orbits above Pandora. Jake, along with the other new arrivals, disembarks from a Valkyrie shuttle at Hell's Gate, where he has his first contact with Pandora's hostile climate. Upon landing, Jake and the other passengers are briefed on the use of exopacks: personal rebreather units that filter the toxic Pandoran atmosphere. Exopacks are required for survival outside of internally pressurized RDA facilities.
When he enters the RDA facility, Jake meets Colonel Miles Quaritch, a seasoned ex-military officer who is in charge of Pandora's entire paramilitary defense force. In a security briefing for the newcomers, he explains to them all the dangers of Pandora, stressing that the biggest threat is an indigenous population of humanoids called the Na'vi. He makes it clear that he is not willing to tolerate any resistance from the Na'vi and has very little patience for the scientists working on the avatar project.
The Avatar Program
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3D Version: red/cyan, cross-eyedJake sees his avatar for the first time
Jake meets Norm Spellman, a biologist who arrived on the same rotation as he did and was also a friend of his brother. Jake is later introduced to Dr. Grace Augustine, a botanist as well as the leader of the Avatar Program. However, Grace is not pleased with RDA administrator Parker Selfridge's decision to use Jake to replace his brother's avatar position, as she will have to spend time training him in Na'vi culture and language as well as teaching him how to control his avatar. Quaritch, however, sees this as a valuable opportunity and decides to take advantage of Jake's military training, giving him the task of finding out all he can about the Na'vi, pretending to be in league with the avatar team, and reporting his findings to the RDA. In return, Quaritch tells Jake that if he succeeds, he will see to it that Jake gets the surgery needed to regain the use of his legs.
Returning to the link room with Norm, Jake is prepped by Grace to link with his avatar for the first time. When Jake first enters his avatar, he begins to move about, trying to get a feel for his avatar. Realizing that he finally has the use of his legs for the first time in years, he immediately gets up and starts trying to walk, much to the dismay and annoyance of the lab team. He is told to sit back down or he will be sedated, but he refuses and heads for the exit. He runs from the lab, enjoying his first chance to do so since being paralyzed. He ends up at the Avatar Compound, where he meets Grace's avatar. Grace is impressed by his motor reflexes, which were far above the standards expected of a first time avatar driver.
First Contact With Pandora
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3D Version: red/cyan, cross-eyedJake escaping from a thanator
Grace brings Norm and Jake (as security) on an expedition to retrieve samples of Pandoran flora. Trudy Chacon is their assigned pilot for the expedition along with Lyle Wainfleet serving as additional non-avatar security. Jake, Grace and Norm visit Grace's closed school. Upon seeing bullet holes in a wall, Jake asks Grace what happened, but she changes the subject and the three continue on with the expedition. While Grace and Norm study the wildlife, Jake wanders away and, while playing around with the nearby flora, stumbles across a group of hammerhead titanotheres, a rhinoceros-like animal species. However, the titanotheres flee from a thanator, a terrifying land predator. Jake runs for his life from the thanator, losing his equipment and weapon in the process. He narrowly escapes death from the predator by leaping from the top of a cliff into a river below. After failing to locate Jake, the avatar team is forced to abandon the search for him as night operations were deemed too dangerous by Quaritch.
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3D Version: red/cyan, cross-eyedSeeds of the Tree of Souls approach Jake
As Jake travels through the forest of Pandora alone, Neytiri, the princess of the Omaticaya clan, discovers his presence and prepares to kill him with her bow. However, a woodsprite, a pure spirit from the Tree of Souls, lands on the tip of her arrow. Taking this as a sign from Eywa, the godlike spirit of the forest and deity of the Na'vi, she lets Jake live and continues to follow him until darkness falls. Jake creates a torch using a makeshift spear, his coat, and sap from the trees. When he lights his torch, he discovers he is surrounded by a pack of viperwolves. Jake fights until he is pinned, at which point Neytiri saves him, having to kill several viperwolves in Jake's defense. Jake tries to communicate with Neytiri as she speaks over the dead viperwolf, but she seems to ignore him and walks away. Jake pursues Neytiri and tries to thank her for killing the viperwolves, which angers Neytiri. She tells him that the unnecessary killing of the creatures is not something to be grateful for. Jake asks Neytiri why she saved him. She replies that Jake has a strong heart and no fear. Jake follows her but she rejects him, as he is one of the Sky People (the Na'vi term for humans) and cannot go with her. Suddenly, dozens of woodsprites appear and land on Jake's body. Neytiri, amazed, recognizes the woodsprites' actions as a sign and decides to take Jake to her village to allow Mo'at, the Omaticaya clan's Tsahìk (spiritual leader), to interpret the will of Eywa and decide what should be done with Jake.
Becoming one of "The People"
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3D Version: red/cyan, cross-eyedJake hunting with a bow
When Jake and Neytiri arrive at Hometree, the massive tree that the Omaticaya clan lives in, Jake meets with Eytukan and Mo'at, the leaders of the clan and parents of Neytiri. Jake also meets with the finest warrior and leader of the Omaticaya clan's hunters, Tsu'tey, who is betrothed to Neytiri and chosen to one day become the future clan leader. Jake presents himself as a warrior with the intention to learn from them. Tsu'tey insists on killing Jake but Eytukan wishes to find out more about the warriors of the Sky People. Mo'at, as the spiritual leader, orders Neytiri to teach Jake how to be one of The People. Reluctantly, Neytiri submits to her mother's command and teaches Jake about the Na'vi culture and language.
Back at Hell's Gate, Jake reports to Selfridge and Quaritch on information about the natives. Impressed, Quaritch claims that he wished that he "had ten more like you (Jake)". Grace becomes aware of their interest in Jake's information and arranges for the avatar team to be transferred to a remote camp in the floating Hallelujah Mountains in order to continue their program without military involvement. Jake knows that Grace disapproves of Quaritch and Selfridge's interference and that is why she moved the team. Jake continues to check in remotely with Quaritch over the next three months, though check ins become less and less frequent.
It is during this time that Jake receives instruction. He is taught the Na'vi language by Norm and Neytiri. While learning how to ride Pale, a direhorse, he fails tremendously with Tsu'tey and another hunter watching. He is taught how to walk and hunt silently. Jake's relationship with Grace also improves. Grace and Jake become friends, and Grace comes to the point of even putting Jake into his bunk after a late night video-log contribution and forces Jake to eat, even if he does not want to. Grace tells Jake about the slaughter at her school where many young Na'vi were killed by RDA soldiers, including Neytiri's sister, Sylwanin, and the pain that it brought her. Jake and Neytiri's relationship grows and an attraction between the two develops.
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3D Version: red/cyan, cross-eyedJake's first flight
Following a successful hunt in which Jake makes his first clean kill after stalking a hexapede and performing a ritual, Neytiri, greatly impressed, tells Jake that he is ready to choose his own banshee (Ikran). Led by Tsu'tey, he and two other Na'vi hunters undertake the ritual of Iknimaya and climb the path to the banshee's nest. There, Jake learns how to bond with (tsaheylu) and control his banshee, much to the annoyance of Tsu'tey. Once Jake masters his banshee, he joins Tsu'tey and the other young hunters, along with Neytiri, on several flights. He participates in a hunt for sturmbeest and elegantly kills one of them with his bow, proving himself as a "stone cold aerial hunter". Later, he and Neytiri fly together and, on a hunt, are attacked by a great leonopteryx, known to the Na'vi as toruk ("last shadow"), and narrowly escape. That evening, Neytiri explains the significance of the toruk and tells him of her great-great-grandfather, the mighty Toruk Makto (Rider of Last Shadow). She talks about how he was the last of only five Toruk Makto in the history of their tribe, how he delivered The People from the time of Great Sorrow, and how much she admired him.
At the end of the three months, Jake reports back to Quaritch as ordered. The Colonel informs Jake that his assignment is over and he is to be transferred immediately back to Earth to receive his promised surgery to restore the use of his legs. However, Jake is now more concerned with the welfare of the Omaticaya and especially the welfare of Neytiri, whom he has fallen in love with, than his desire to walk again. He is now reluctant and wary of his fellow humans trying to exploit the moon's resources. He convinces Quaritch to give him more time in order to convince the tribe to relocate peacefully. He tells the Colonel that once he completes that night's ceremony, he will be made part of The People (an honor never granted to an avatar before) and that they will trust him.
Pandora, called Eywa's Child by the Na'vi (Na'vi name: Eywa'eveng[2]), is an Earth-like habitable extrasolar moon from the Alpha Centauri System, the closest star system to human's own Solar System. It is the fifth moon[3] of the gas giant Polyphemus, which orbits Alpha Centauri A. The names of both the moon and its mother planet are coined by humans in reference to figures in Greek mythology.
Discovered by space telescopes at some point between 2050 and 2077, the life-rich Pandora has been the single most interesting thing to happen to the human race in hundreds of years. The news services love to run clips of the wild scenery on Pandora and its bizarre flora and fauna.
To the cultures of Earth, Pandora is mysterious, primal and terrifying. Even from orbit, the scope of florae present on the surface indicates a moon brimming with life. One of the creatures on Pandora is the direhorse, a gray-skinned, hexapodal horse-like animal with bioluminescent qualities that the Na'vi ride when hunting. The Na'vi also ride the mountain banshee to hunt from the air, but the hunter can become prey in the presence of the great leonopteryx. In the canopy below, other deadly yet exotic animals roam: vicious packs of viperwolves, thick skinned hammerhead titanotheres and the most fearsome creature of all, the thanator. Other than the richness of varying colors, the trees resemble those of Earth. They have the familiar trunks, branches and leaves, though due to the difference in gravity, many of the shapes appear strange to humans and the proportions are greater because of the lower gravity. The trees and plant life of Pandora have formed electrochemical connections between their roots and effectively act as neurons, creating a moon-wide "brain" that has achieved sentience, which is known to the Na'vi as Eywa.
Pandora, despite being almost as large as Earth, is only a moon of the gas giant Polyphemus, which has thirteen other moons. However, due to the smaller size, its gravity is 20% less than Earth's. Due to Pandora's lower gravity, most creatures on Pandora are hexapods (six-legged), although the Na'vi resemble humans and have only two legs. Creatures roam the air and forest canopy below, similar to Earth's animals, but on a scale several times larger. Pandora's wildlife also have bioluminescent qualities. Depending on the position of the various moons, Pandora can have two or even three moons in its sky at once. Pandora and the other moons cast large black shadows on Polyphemus.
Pandora looks like a lush paradise by Earth standards during the day, but at night, virtually all life on the moon exhibits bioluminescent qualities in various shades of blue, purple and green. This possibly explains the Na'vi's blue skin color, which most likely provides them better camouflage at night on Pandora.
That night, Jake undergoes the ceremony where Eytukan makes him one of their own and forever a part of The People, with Grace and Neytiri looking on. Neytiri takes Jake to one of the clan's most sacred places, the Tree of Voices, a holy place where he can connect to the trees and hear the voices of all the spirits of deceased Na'vi. Neytiri tells Jake that now that he is one of the Omaticaya people, he can carve his bow from the wood of Hometree and he can choose a mate, and suggests a few different Na'vi women. Jake tells her that he has chosen her but Neytiri must also choose him. She informs him that she already has and becomes his mate. Once they are mated to each other, they are mated for life. After Jake returns to his human body, he realizes the predicament he put himself in.
The Destruction of The Hometree
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Jake destroys one of the bulldozer's cameras
After spending the night with Jake, Neytiri is awakened by a huge bulldozer. She watches it destroy the Trees of Voices. Neytiri tries to wake Jake, but he is in his human body preparing to enter his avatar. Neytiri drags his avatar body while pleading with him to wake up. When Jake finally awakens, he tries to stop the bulldozer by standing in front of it. It stops momentarily but starts up again when Parker orders the driver to keep going. When it starts again, Jake grabs a rock, climbs to the top of the bulldozer and smashes the array of cameras, disabling the vehicle and narrowly avoiding the gunfire from the patrols.
Jake and Neytiri return to Hometree, where Eytukan and Tsu'tey are preparing a war party to avenge the loss of the sacred trees. Jake is confronted by Tsu'tey when he realizes that Jake and Neytiri have mated. Tsu'tey attacks Jake in a fit of rage, attempting to kill him. Jake is able to subdue him and is about to explain his original mission to the Omaticaya, but before he can, Jake and Grace's avatars collapse when they are suddenly sent back to their human bodies by Quaritch, who learned from the Hell Truck's video log that it was Jake who destroyed the cameras. Tsu'tey angrily reminds the clan that Jake is one of the Sky People, but Neytiri stops him from killing Jake's avatar.
When they are brought back to Hell's Gate, Grace tells an unbelieving Parker that the trees and plant life make up a huge network like the synapses of a human brain, and that the Na'vi can access all the information within this network, and so the trees must not be destroyed. After some extensive persuasion, Jake and Grace are allowed by Parker to return to their avatars for one hour to try and get the Na'vi to evacuate. Jake and Grace beg the clan to leave because the Sky People are coming to destroy Hometree, but when Jake reveals his mission, and that he knew that the RDA would attack, the clan is outraged. Neytiri, heartbroken at Jake's revelation, furiously rejects him. Eytukan orders them to be bound and prepares the Omaticaya warriors for the defense of the Hometree.
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Mo'at releasing a binded Jake
A large strike force led by Quaritch drives the Na'vi from their home with gas and incendiary rounds, consuming Hometree in flames. A desperate Mo'at releases Jake and Grace from their bindings and pleads with them to save her tribe. As the Na'vi begin to flee, Quaritch orders his strike team to switch to high-explosive missiles and to open fire on the roots of Hometree, causing it to collapse onto many of the fleeing Na'vi. Eytukan, who was evacuating the Na'vi that were still inside the burning Hometree, is impaled by a piece of wood sent flying by the rocket explosions. Neytiri finds him, and Eytukan gives her his bow, telling her to defend the clan before succumbing to his wound. Jake finds them and tries to comfort Neytiri, but she rejects him again and leaves with the surviving Omaticaya.
While leaving the ruins of Hometree, Jake and Grace are forcefully returned to their real bodies and placed under arrest for treason along with Norm, who assaulted one of the marines who was trying to disable the link units. Trudy and Dr. Max Patel rescue the avatar team from prison. Before they get outside, Jake asks Dr. Patel to stay behind and be his man on the inside. Trudy hijacks her Samson and flies them to safety, but not before being fired upon by Quaritch. He fails in stopping the avatar team from escaping, but shoots Grace in the stomach. The team flies the camp container holding the avatar link units from Site 26 into hiding near the Tree of Souls, where the remaining Omaticaya have fled to safety.
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3D Version: red/cyan, cross-eyedJake after taming a toruk
Jake returns to his avatar form at the ruins of Hometree. His banshee finds him amidst the ashes and Jake decides that the only way to regain the trust of the Na'vi and save Grace is to "take it to a whole new level". They fly at high altitude until they find the great leonopteryx, at which point Jake leaps from his ikran onto the back of the leonopteryx and bonds with it, becoming the sixth Toruk Makto. After bonding with the creature, he persuades it to form a temporary partnership with him to save Pandora. They confront an RDA soldier in a Scorpion Gunship before heading out to find the Omaticaya clan.[4] To the initial panic and astonishment of the Na'vi, he lands at the Tree of Souls, where the amazed Omaticaya people, including Tsu'tey, recognize him as Toruk Makto. When Neytiri sees him, she knows who Jake has sided with, and is grateful to see him return. Jake reaffirms his love for her and says "I see you", a Na'vi greeting.
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Jake carrying Grace Augustine
After earning the respect of Tsu'tey, now the clan leader, who agrees to help him stop the Sky People, Jake then makes a plea to Mo'at to save Grace from dying. The Na'vi attempt to place Grace's spirit within her avatar body permanently, but her wounds are too great and she passes on. Before she passes, she tells Jake that she can see Eywa and that she is with her now. Having earned back the tribe's trust, Jake asks for Tsu'tey's permission to speak and that it would honor him if he could translate his words to the Na'vi. Jake encourages them to fight back against the Sky People.
The Final Battle
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3D Version: red/cyan, cross-eyedJake gathers all of the Na'vi clans
Jake rallies the Omaticaya clan, and they ride with him as he flies out to gather all the tribes for a final attack, just as the previous Toruk Makto did. Jake later makes tsaheylu with the Tree of Souls and asks Eywa to look into Grace's memories and see how humans destroyed Earth, and to intervene to keep them from destroying Pandora as well. Neytiri overhears him and tells him that Eywa does not take sides, she only maintains the balance of life on Pandora.
Surveying the Na'vi with satellites, Quaritch learns that other clans have converged with the Omaticaya at the Tree of Souls and decides to destroy them and their holy ground to put an end to their defiance once and for all. A huge military fleet commandeered by Quaritch approaches the Tree of Souls, using the Valkyrie shuttle as a makeshift bomber and mining explosives as "daisy cutter" munitions to destroy the tree. Thousands of Na'vi warriors led by Jake and Tsu'tey take to the skies and attack the fleet, while Norm rides with the cavalry on the ground. The Na'vi forces on the ground are easily defeated by human infantry and their powerful AMP suits and suffer heavy losses. In the skies, a massive air battle ensues between the human air fleet and Na'vi hunters riding banshees. The Na'vi inflict some casualties on the humans with their initial strike, managing to take down several human gunships. However, the humans' superior firepower sees them inflict heavier casualties on the Na'vi, and they look to resume their bombing run.
Quaritch, flying in his Dragon Gunship, notices Jake's toruk and gives chase. Before Quaritch manages to shoot him down, Trudy dives in with her Samson and strafes the Dragon. Quaritch turns his attention to her, which allows Jake to escape. Trudy fights back, but her Samson is no match for Quaritch's gunship, and she is shot down and killed. Tsu'tey boards the Valkyrie in the hope of preventing it from dropping its payload, but after killing or incapacitating several humans inside the Valkyrie's cargo bay, he is gunned down by a human soldier and falls from the shuttle. Jake calls both Tsu'tey and Trudy but neither answer. He makes contact with Neytiri, who, with her ikran dead, is getting ready to attack the RDA ground forces single-handedly. Jake pleads with her over the communication collar not to, but before she tries; a stampede of hammerhead titanotheres attacks the RDA ground forces, trampling infantry and smashing AMP suits, followed by viperwolves. Neytiri is further surprised when one of Pandora's deadliest creatures, a thanator, allows her to make tsaheylu with it and ride it. The human ground forces break and retreat in panic. In the skies, swarms of wild ikran descend on the surviving RDA gunships, pulling the craft off balance and ripping door gunners out of their stations until only the Valkyrie and Quaritch's Dragon Gunship remain.
The Valkyrie, approaching the Tree of Souls, prepares to drop its payload, but in the ensuing confusion created by the wild ikran attack, Jake leaps onto the Valkyrie, throwing a grenade into one of its engines before it can drop its payload of mining explosives. The grenade detonates, causing the Valkyrie to collide with a nearby rock, shearing of the left wing and sending the it into a steep dive. The pilots are unable to compensate for the lost of thrust and the ship crashes into the ground and explodes. With all RDA ships except Quaritch's destroyed or in retreat, Jake attempts to destroy the Dragon Gunship the same way he destroyed the Valkyrie. Quaritch, seeing Jake land on the gunship before he manages to throw his two grenades, turns the ship sharply to starboard, nearly throwing Jake off. One grenade is lodged in a small air vent and detonates, ripping a hole in the Dragon's armor, resulting in a few hydraulic-based control failures and exposes the interior crew to Pandoran atmosphere. The falling Jake manages to grab onto one of the Dragon's missile racks. Jake pulls a missile off of the rack and heaves it into the rotor blades of the Dragon's front starboard engine. The resulting explosion destroys the engine and sends the Dragon into an uncontrollable spin. Jake falls from the ship and lands safely in the jungle, breaking his fall with the huge leaves on the trees. Quaritch also escapes his gunship, manning his personal AMP suit and jumping from the ship's cargo bay, fully intent on making a one-man assault on the Tree of Souls.
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3D Version: red/cyan, cross-eyedJake turns against Quaritch
Stumbling upon the camp containing the avatar link units by chance, Quaritch attempts to destroy Jake's human body, but before he can do so, Neytiri and her thanator attack him, successfully destroying the GAU-90 cannon for Quaritch's AMP suit. However, Quaritch overpowers and kills the thanator with his AMP suit knife. As he prepares to kill Neytiri, pinned under the thanator's body, Jake arrives to challenge him. The two fight fiercely in close quarters. Jake uses the rifle bayonet for the GAU-90 to fend off the blows of Quaritch's AMP suit. Jake manages to break the AMP suit knife and destroys the AMP's glass canopy, but Quaritch puts on an exopack. The Colonel taunts Jake, asking him how it feels to betray his own race, before turning and attacking the avatar link unit with the suit. Jake manages to fend off Quaritch before he can fully break open the camp, but a window is broken, which allows Pandoran air into the link units. His human body struggling, Jake is easy prey for Quaritch, who is preparing to slit Jake's throat with his own knife when Neytiri kills Quaritch with two shots from her father's bow.
She then tries to wake Jake's avatar, to no avail, while Jake struggles inside the link unit to grab an emergency rebreather. Finally remembering that he is a human, she rushes into the link unit and places an exopack on Jake's now-unconscious human body, saving him again. As Jake wakes up, he says "I See you" to Neytiri and gently strokes her cheek. Neytiri repeats it back to him; the greeting now takes on new meaning as she is seeing and talking to Jake's human body for the first time. After reconnecting to his avatar, Jake and Neytiri are brought to Tsu'tey, mortally wounded, by a group of surviving Na'vi warriors. Tsu'tey passes leadership of the Omaticaya clan to Jake and requests that he end his suffering. Jake is reluctant, but is assured by Tsu'tey that he will be remembered, as Toruk Makto will be his last shadow, and honors Jake by calling him a brother. Jake remorsefully euthanizes Tsu'tey and recites a prayer for him.
New Life As A Na'vi
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3D Version: red/cyan, cross-eyedMo'at performing the ritual
Having put an end to the RDA's occupation of Pandora, Jake makes his last log entry on August 24, 2154, explaining that the humans were sent back to Earth by the Na'vi, except for a few (the scientists of the avatar program), and that he has decided to stay in his avatar form permanently. Returning to the Tree of Souls, he undergoes the consciousness transfer from his human body to his avatar body, and awakens to a new life as a Na'vi, marking August 24th as his "birthday", the day where he truly becomes a Na'vi, a part of The People. At this point, Jake's avatar opens its eyes after the transfer, proving that it succeeded.
Actions As Olo'eyktan (Avatar: The Next Shadow)
Immediately following the successful consciousness transfer, Jake's human body is given a traditional Na'vi burial and Jake moves the Omaticaya Clan near Hell's Gate to be close to the human allies who were allowed to stay on Pandora. Jake befriends a Na'vi hunter named Ka'ani, who later proves to be a loyal ally to him, and Katherine Hale, a former RDA captain trying to keep Hell's Gate running. Jake also becomes acquainted with the Tayrangi Clan, which he finds to be the neediest when not frequently communicated with.
Two weeks after the transfer, Jake visits his former body's burial site when Neytiri approaches him, concerned over him spending time near his old body. She informs him she must visit the Olangi Clan due to them suffering the most casualties from the war and needing the most help. Jake agrees with her, thinking about how the other clan's belief in him is getting shaky despite having been Toruk Makto, and sees her off.
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Jake orders Katherine to be conservative with her group's mining efforts
Following Neytiri's departure, Jake gets a radio alert from Norm telling him about a fight between Katherine and some of his clan members. Jake arrives by direhorse to find a standoff between Hale and Ka'ani, which he calls off. Katherine informs him they need a new mine since the RDA destroyed the old one before departing Pandora and Jake advises her to strip the old mining equipment and vehicles for the material. Jake also reminds Ka'ani that the remaining Sky People are not like the ones before. Ka'ani assures Jake of his loyalty and sympathizes with the burden of carrying two worlds on his shoulders but reminds Jake that he should be prioritizing the Na'vi.
Shortly after settling the dispute, Jake is with Mo'at overseeing the healing process for injured Na'vi with the remaining medical human doctors, including the fearful Yeyongo and her child. Jake confides in Mo'at about his lack of self-confidence as clan leader and the guilt he is still facing for Hometree's destruction, but Mo'at assures Jake he is stronger than he thinks, and that their new home and him becoming Olo'eyktan was Eywa's will. Tsu'tey's mother, Artsut, becomes angry and argues with Mo'at just before her other son, Arvok, arrives with his father and challenges Jake's position as Olo'eyktan by invoking First Blood. Mo'at warns Jake that the ritual is dangerous, but Jake agrees to fight Arvok regardless.
After the clan is gathered, the battle begins, and Jake easily defeats Arvok by cutting him on the arm and drawing blood. Jake remains in a good mood, which angers Arvok into throwing his knife at Jake. He catches the knife and cuts his hand on it, inadvertently being poisoned and collapsing into a coma. Arvok realizes that his parents had poisoned his knife without his knowledge and runs into the jungle as the clan calls for him to explain, while his parents declare themselves the new clan leaders. However, when realizing Jake is still alive, their authority is moot and Jake is taken to the Tree of Souls to recover.
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Jake weeps due to his intense emotions and guilt in his vision
In his coma, Jake has nightmares where he is tormented by his brother, Miles Quaritch and the deceased Tsu'tey who attempt to guilt trip him, claiming his actions resulted in the deaths and suffering of many. This ends when Jake unintentionally makes tsaheylu with the Tree of Souls and is transported into the Pandoran Neural Network. He is visited by the manifested spirits of Eytukan and Tsu'tey who urge him to forgive himself for his mistakes and offer guidance. Artsut and Ateyo's plan is revealed by Tsu'tey after which he explains to Jake that although their actions were wrong, they had the interests of the Omaticaya at heart, concluding that they needed to be punished for their wrongdoings, but Jake could be merciful towards them in doing so.
Katherine Hale and her team soon deliver an ingredient of an antidote to the tree at Mo'at's request, who then crafts it into a cure for Jake's coma; he wakes up as Artsut and her mate are returning with Arvok. With their plot to overthrow Jake exposed to the rest of the clan, they are brought before Jake for punishment. Jake chooses to exile the family and Arvok states that there is a clan they can join who will shelter them despite their crimes. After they leave, Jake promises the gathered Omaticaya that he'll do his best to lead them to a better future. Jake later visits the grave of his human body again as Neytiri returns from her visit to the Olangi after hearing what happened in her absence. They embrace each other and Neytiri asks Jake if he's okay. Jake downplays the situation to her and she comments that he doesn't seem like himself, but he replies that on the contrary, he's never felt more like himself as he finally leaves his human body behind.
Creating a family and preparing against the RDA (Avatar: The High Ground)
After years of peace, Jake has settled down with Neytiri and raised a family. He mentions that not a single day has passed without him in grief over the losses and the deaths that happened during the battle over Hometree and the Tree of Souls, and he feels that those tragic times almost feel as if they happened to someone completely different. Jake also now sports much thicker dreadlocks, making his hairstyle resemble Neytiri's more. Jake has always feared that the RDA will return to Pandora because of Earth's dying resources, viewing their temporary absence as only a matter of time. Almost a decade later since the humans were forced to leave Pandora, they have begun to return with an armada of heavily armed starships.
During Lo'ak's ikran training session, Lo'ak falls off a cliff, frightening Jake although Neytiri insists the danger is part of the trial. Later, Jake and Neytiri have a discussion about the danger of the trial. Though they sympathize with each other's viewpoints, Neytiri mentions Jake has been breaking the Three Laws of Eywa by teaching their hunters to use guns made of metal. Jake insists even though he is not human, he still feels he is a marine and that he is still like the Sky People. The clan celebrates Lo'ak's success. Jake still finds it hard to fully enjoy his life because he believes the Sky People will return eventually. Jake tries to talk to Pentyaru about the matter, but Neytiri insists they just enjoy themselves for tonight. Neytiri also tries to convince Jake that their people need hope, although Jake feels as if he is lying to his people.
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Jake and Neytiri realizing the humans are returning after seeing the light in the sky.
After the two put their kids to sleep, Jake and Neytiri go on a night date. As they rest on the ground, Jake looks up and sees a massive light in the sky, making him realize the RDA is back. Later, Jake holds a group meeting with the Na'vi where he insists they must fight the Sky People again to drive them away. For now, Jake insists everyone move to the Hallelujah Mountains which causes controversy. Meanwhile, one member of the RDA is tasked with killing Jake. Jake and Norm go to Hell's Gate where they discover there are 10 RDA ships. The Na'vi begin training in zero gravity, although Jake refuses to let one of his boys fight in the upcoming battle.
In a council meeting, Jake insists the Na'vi fight and tries to convince Yeyatley to agree, but Yeytley instead insists the Na'vi offer peace instead. Akwey supports Jake's choice, though before the group can continue debating, it is noticed that Jake's children are gone, with the exception of Neteyam. They eventually find the children. Jake blames Lo'ak, though Spider admits he also deserves some blame. Neytiri agrees that Spider is at fault and orders him to stay away from Kiri, claiming they will never see each other again
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Jake trying to convince the humans to fight.
A widespread message from Frances Ardmore is heard, offering amnesty for those "illegally" occupying Hell's Gate. This causes many of the humans to panic and feel defeated. Jake tries to motivate the humans, but one woman expresses her concerns on why they should probably surrender. Jake says those who wish to fight to come with him for now to evacuate.
Interactions with the Metkayina Clan (Avatar: The Way of Water)
Jake and Neytiri's land becomes torn apart; the couple are displaced from their homes and flee to the Metkayina Clan's waterworld, which disrupts tribal politics. There, Jake seeks sanctuary from the clan leader, Tonowari.
Personality and traits
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A moment from Jake's life on Earth.
Although Jake was a Marine and he has enough perspective to know "the world's a cold-ass bitch", his experiences have not fully hardened him, with Neytiri commenting he is similar to a child. He was also not a Marine for very long in his life either, having being discharged after his injury. He is shown to be a mischievous joker, such as telling the Na'vi he is from the Jarhead clan and telling Norm he has a date with Neytiri's sister Sylwanin, to which Grace promptly replies, "She's dead." He seems to enjoy pushing people's buttons a bit as well, such as continuing sprinting when Norm tells him to stop running. He can also be seen playing with Pandora's bioluminescent botany.
Jake's youthful nature does have some flaws, however; while he is shown to be courageous, determined, passionate, and possesses exceptional strength of character, this is sometimes to the fault of dangerous recklessness. He has also been accused of being arrogant. Sometimes, it takes him a while to finally listen to other people. Being only 22 years old at the start of the first film (psychologically speaking and excluding his time in cryosleep), Jake still possesses a lot of youthful energy, though it only really shows in his avatar form. He can be rash, impulsive, goofy and clumsy. He is shown being easily distracted sometimes, resulting in him disobeying orders. For example, he enjoyed his new avatar body so much that he left the room of scientists before they could tranquilize him because he could not sit still. However, another part of it has to do with Jake being underestimated, once telling Grace he despises being pitied and being told by doctors what he is unable to achieve.
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Jake in his avatar.
Jake thrives off adventure and has a strong desire to feel free, having enjoyed mythological stories of heroes when he was young. He had frequent dreams flying during his hospitalization. However, his city life on Earth, mixed in with him being forced to rely on his wheelchair, was not able to satisfy his yearning for freedom. Jake also greatly enjoys being challenged and pushing himself to his limits; he once tried to convince himself that he could pass any test a man can pass. He later also proves that he can pass many of the Na'vi's trials, even being one of the few to bond with a great leonopteryx and the only avatar to ever accomplish the feat. He became a Marine for the tough and challenging lifestyle and "be hammered on the anvil of life" as he calls it. Jake initially has very little knowledge of Pandora or its inhabitants. However, he is a fast learner and quickly adapts to the Na'vi way of life, becoming a member of the Omaticaya clan in only three months. Though he notes that with Neytiri, it is "learn fast or die", he relishes the challenges she provides him with and refuses to give up on them no matter how hard they are.
At first, he seems callous and sarcastically indifferent, potentially as a way for him to cope with many of his stressful unfortunate life experiences. However, as he becomes familiar with someone, he begins to trust and respect them, taking his relationships very seriously; despite being a human born, he falls in love with Neytiri who feels he has a "good heart" that holds little fear. He also holds a strong sense of justice, as seen in the bar prologue and when he rebels against the RDA when he feels they are being overtly greedy, and harbors guilt for any who suffer or die as a result of his actions.
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Jake loses faith in humanity as he becomes horrified by discovering what the RDA is truly capable of, motivating him to side with the Na'vi.
Over time, Jake really begins to care about nature, the Na'vi way of life, and the Omaticaya people. When Eytukan is killed during the RDA's assault on Hometree, Jake is saddened and tries to comfort Neytiri despite having been rejected as a traitor. When Grace is shot by Quaritch during the avatar team's escape from Hell's Gate, Jake does everything he can to ensure that she does not die. However, when Grace succumbs to her wounds, Jake feels pain and sorrow but uses these emotions to solidify his determination to stop the RDA. He also prevents Quaritch from killing Neytiri during the final battle and fights against the Colonel despite Quaritch being in an AMP suit at the time.
The Omaticaya's trust in Jake is shattered when they learn about his initial mission. Jake regains their trust by risking his life to tame a toruk. He displays leadership skills and charisma when he unites the Na'vi clans and leads them into battle against the RDA. However, when Tsu'tey is gravely wounded in the final battle and wishes for Jake to take the title of Olo'eyktan, Jake is hesitant to accept, feeling that he was not "officer material", and is unwilling to kill Tsu'tey despite urging Jake to end his pain. Jake does so with much sadness and wishes his spirit to go with Eywa.
Two weeks following the war, Jake's mental health turns for the worse as he begins to struggle with his festering dark emotions and guilt, due to the lives lost throughout the war. He is shown to have become more distant from Neytiri, spending more time alone in the forest viewing the remains of his former human body, and becomes uncertain about his future. Guilt-ridden and tormented, he becomes very reckless about his own life, seen when he is willing to engage in a battle to the death with Arvok, suggesting he may have survivor's guilt. While in his near-death experience coma, he is seen facing his own regrets, tormenting himself over the possibility that if he had only spoke up to the Na'vi more about RDA's intentions sooner, then he could have potentially saved many human and Na'vi lives such as Trudy, Grace, Eytukan and Tsu'tey. He grows fears over whether or not his existence will continue to bring pain, suffering and death onto others. After he hears from Eytukan that he is not beyond redemption, that he ultimately never intended to hurt anyone, that he does not deserve to die, and that he must learn how to forgive himself, Jake is able to begin his own path of self-healing from his traumatic experiences.
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Abilities
Jake is a skilled and resourceful warrior who adapts to his environment, owing to his former occupation as a Recon Marine. He is agile and quickly becomes acute to the bow and arrow. His skills are best displayed during his fight with Colonel Quaritch, where he takes an AMP suit GAU-90 bayonet and uses it against him. Jake appears to be a skilled hand-to-hand combatant: in his human body, he manages to physically beat a bullying bar patron despite his spinal cord injury, and in his avatar body, he uses his skills as a Marine to catch Tsu'tey off guard when the latter tries to kill him in a blind rage. His resourcefulness is displayed when he successfully destroys both the Valkyrie shuttle by throwing a grenade into one of its engines and the Dragon Assault Ship via a grenade and a detached missile during the Assault on the Tree of Souls.
Jake also quickly adapts to flying an ikran. While hunting sturmbeest from the back of his ikran, he succeeds in killing one of the creatures. He manages to escape from a toruk along with Neytiri on their respective ikran, guiding Neytiri to safety in the process. Later, Jake rides a toruk skillfully during the final battle with the RDA. Despite his flying skills, Jake is initially not very good at riding direhorses and keeps falling off of them, though he's later demonstrated riding the animal well.
Relationships
Family
Neytiri
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3D Version: red/cyan, cross-eyedNeytiri seeing Jake in his human body for the first time
Neytiri is the Na'vi princess that Jake falls in love with on Pandora. Jake first meets Neytiri when she saves him from a pack of viperwolves. At the time, she is angry with him, since the viperwolves would not have had to die if Jake had been more careful and quiet. In the weeks following Mo'at's assignment to Neytiri to teach him the Na'vi culture and language, their relationship improves. During their lessons, Jake and Neytiri grow close to one another and begin to fall in love. After Jake successfully tames his own ikran and is accepted into the clan, Neytiri takes Jake to the Trees of Voices where they choose each other as their mate for life.
Neytiri ferociously defends her mate when Tsu'tey tries to kill Jake's avatar after he is disconnected while attempting to reveal his true mission to the clan. When Jake eventually does so after he returns to his avatar body, Neytiri is distraught and horrified by the revelation, and rejects him. When the Hometree is destroyed, Neytiri is devastated because of her father's death. When Jake finds a grieving Neytiri and tries to comfort her, she angrily tells him never to return. However, he wins her back after proving his loyalties by becoming the sixth Toruk Makto. She supports him in gathering the clans and fights under his command against the RDA forces.
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Jake and Neytiri embracing each other in the comic
Jake loves Neytiri very deeply and is willing to put himself in perilous situations for her if he has to. This is proven when he saves Neytiri from Colonel Quaritch as he is about to kill her which would have cost him his life if Neytiri hadn't intervened at the last moment. Neytiri saves Jake's life three times in the final battle against the RDA forces. The first time, she attacks Quaritch when he is about to destroy the module containing Jake's human body. The second time, she saves Jake's avatar from Quaritch's AMP suit by killing the Colonel. The third time, she places an exopack on his human body after the module was deliberately breached by Quaritch. After Jake regains consciousness, he says to Neytiri, "I see you," the traditional Na'vi greeting meaning "I see who you truly are". Neytiri says it back to him and begins to shed tears of joy. These words mark the true depth of their relationship due to Jake being in human form. Neytiri watches over both Jake's human and avatar bodies as he goes through the consciousness transfer up until the point where he wakes up to his new life as a Na'vi.
Tom Sully
Jake's relationship with his brother is unknown, and when Jake sees Tom's recently deceased body, he appears disturbed but shows little emotion. Jake takes Tom's place as an avatar driver on Pandora. When Grace tells Jake that she needs his brother upon their first meeting, Jake bluntly replies that he is dead and refers to his death as a "big inconvenience". Whenever Jake spoke of Tom, he would refer to him as "Tommy", even after his brother died.
Jake described the two of them as having the same appearance but very different personalities, with Jake being more outgoing and Tom being more studious. One thing that they both bonded over was a book Tom had about myths and legends about heroic figures on Earth, with Jake's favorite part of the book being a tale about Alexander the Great.
Allies
Grace Augustine
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3D Version: red/cyan, cross-eyedJake meets Grace's avatar
At first, Grace takes Jake's role in the Avatar Program as an insult, since she needed his brother, "The PhD who trained three years for this mission." and referring to Jake as a "jarhead dropout". After arguing with Selfridge, she reluctantly agrees to take him on as a security escort. When Jake is taken in by the Omaticaya clan, she makes sure Jake has the best equipment and support so nothing goes wrong during his time with the Na'vi. She takes Jake, Norm and Trudy to an isolated avatar uplink site in the Hallelujah Mountains to keep Jake from reporting his findings to Colonel Quaritch. Over time she begins to treat Jake like the son she never had, even putting him to bed when he falls asleep during a video log. Jake feels a mutual feeling towards Grace as he convinces Mo'at to allow Grace back into the tribe.
When Jake is finally accepted as one of The People, a true Na'vi, Grace looks on in her avatar with pride. She is with Jake when he is trying to convince the Omaticaya that they have to leave Hometree or the RDA will kill them. She later escapes imprisonment by the RDA with Jake, but is wounded by Quaritch. When the Na'vi try to transfer her consciousness into her avatar, she tells Jake that she is with Eywa. However, the transfer is unsuccessful as she succumbs to her wounds and passes on. When she dies, Jake becomes extremely upset and her death inspires the campaign of retribution against the Sky People. Jake, while praying, asks Eywa to look into Grace's memories to see how the Sky People treat their planet. It is unknown if Eywa did so but she seems to react by having the wild animals on Pandora join in on the final battle.
Norm Spellman
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3D Version: red/cyan, cross-eyedNorm and Jake as they commence their first mission on Pandora
Jake first meets Norm Spellman on Pandora after the meeting with Colonel Quaritch. He tells Jake that he knew Jake's brother and that they will be working together for the next six years. Norm knows a lot of the Na'vi language, which he learned while training for the Avatar Program back on Earth and even has a short conversation with Dr. Grace Augustine in Na'vi. Norm rides with the Na'vi cavalry in the final battle against the RDA. Norm was initially jealous of Jake and grew bitter around him, as he had trained for five years, and yet Jake, with no training, was accepted into the Omaticaya clan. He later comes around when they begin working together, and he even takes it upon himself to go significantly out of his way to help the avatar team. This is best exemplified when Norm, out of his usual non-threatening nature, attacks a Marine who was trying to bring Jake and Grace out of link after the destruction of the Hometree. Norm fights alongside Jake in the final battle and was one of the few humans who were allowed to remain on Pandora.
Tsu'tey
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3D Version: red/cyan, cross-eyedJake encountering Tsu'tey after becoming Toruk Makto
Jake's relationship with Tsu'tey was never easy. When they first met, Tsu'tey wanted to kill Jake for being one of the Sky People. Their rivalry grows after Jake and Neytiri begin to fall in love with one another, despite the fact that Tsu'tey and Neytiri were betrothed to mate and rule the Omaticaya clan together. When Jake and Neytiri eventually mate, both of her parents show disappointment while Tsu'tey is enraged and tries to kill Jake. When Jake reveals his mission to the clan, Tsu'tey and his warriors bind Jake and Grace for his betrayal. However, when Jake becomes the sixth Toruk Makto and pledges allegiance to the Omaticaya people, Tsu'tey lets go of his grudge against Jake and comes to respect him. Tsu'tey and Jake fight side by side in the final battle. Tsu'tey is fatally wounded in the battle. After the Na'vi defeat the RDA forces, Jake finds a dying Tsu'tey, who admits that he was proud to fight with Jake and considered him a brother. With great reluctance, Jake grants Tsu'tey a merciful death at his request.
Mo'at
Mo'at is partially the reason that Jake is accepted into the Omaticaya clan. She is curious about him, because he is the first warrior to go into an avatar body. Mo'at encouraged Jake's learning of the Na'vi culture and even allowed Grace into the village at his request because of his progress. She is initially displeased that Jake and Neytiri mate, but later comes to feel better about it. When the RDA attacks Hometree, Mo'at frees Jake and Grace from their bonds and begs them to save the clan. When Jake becomes Toruk Makto, she is amazed, and she realizes he was a good mating choice for Neytiri. Mo'at also performs the ritual that allows Jake to be permanently transferred into his avatar body.
Trudy Chacon
Jake sees Trudy as both an ally and a good friend, another former marine looking for a new lease on life. She is the pilot who brings Jake and the avatar team to the Hallelujah Mountains to separate themselves from the main RDA facility. She is a pilot at the attack on the Hometree, but can't bring herself to fire and returns to the base. With assistance from Max Patel, she frees Jake, Norm and Grace from RDA captivity and helps them relocate the camp in the Hallelujah Mountains to a site near the Tree of Souls. She flies her Samson, adorned with war paint, in the final battle with the RDA under the call sign "Rogue 1". She distracts Quaritch's Dragon Assault Ship away from Jake and manages to damage the Dragon before being disabled and then ultimately killed by Quaritch.
Max Patel
Max is one of the few humans on Pandora that Jake truly trusts. Max was the scientist who told Grace of Quaritch's intentions for Jake, causing the team to move locations. Over time, Max becomes Jake's friend. Max, along with Trudy, helps Jake, Norm, and Grace escape from Hell's Gate. He is then appointed Jake's inside man. After the final battle, Max is one of the few humans allowed to stay on Pandora.
Eytukan
Jake seems to respect Eytukan, who conducts his initiation ceremony into the clan and appears honored to accept Jake as one of the Omaticaya people. Eytukan also seems to return Jake's respect and listens attentively when Jake tries to warn the Na'vi that the RDA is planning to destroy Hometree, but when Jake is thought to be a traitor after revealing his mission, Eytukan, infuriated, orders both Jake and Grace to be bound as he and the clan's warriors prepare to defend Hometree against the RDA. When Eytukan dies in the assault, Jake feels sadness and tries to comfort Neytiri, only to be rejected by her until he proves where his loyalties lie upon taming a toruk. Two weeks after the assault on the Tree of Souls, Eytukan appeared in Jake's dream during his comatose state. Eytukan no longer held any rage against Jake after realizing that Jake had been chosen by Eywa and risked his life to save his clan.
Bob
Jake chose Bob as his banshee during his Iknimaya and seemed to treat his mount well and affectionately.
Rivals
Miles Quaritch
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3D Version: red/cyan, cross-eyedQuaritch making the deal with Jake
Jake originally sees Colonel Quaritch as an ally when he first arrives on Pandora. He is a foil to Dr. Augustine in Jake's relationships. In exchange for the promise of neuroregeneration surgery that would return the use of his legs, Jake agrees to acquire military intelligence for the Colonel in case military action against the Na'vi should ever become necessary. Quaritch also seems initially fond of Jake, saying that "I wish I had ten more like you". However, as he becomes closer to Neytiri and the Na'vi, he breaks his ties with Quaritch. In the final battle, Quaritch tries to kill Jake. Shortly before doing so, he is stopped when Neytiri kills Quaritch with her father's bow, saving Jake's life.
Parker Selfridge
Jake originally sees Parker Selfridge as a boss whom he can trust and Parker views him likewise as a capable asset. However, as Jake begins to trust Grace Augustine and get closer to the Na'vi, he breaks his ties with Parker, viewing him as a cold and greedy businessman. Even when this occurs, Jake sees Parker as someone who could be negotiated out of predicaments. This is best seen when Jake convinces Parker to let him and Grace go back into their avatar bodies to try to evacuate the Na'vi. Parker is amongst the humans whom Jake and the Na'vi exile from Pandora.
When playing as the RDA, Jake was available as a controllable Commander under the name of "Sully". He was a Legendary Commander and therefore much harder to obtain and considerably more powerful. On the RDA side, Jake was only available in early versions of the game; he was later removed and replaced by Smith. Different artwork of him, where he is riding the great leonopteryx, exists in the game's files, but was never implemented before the game's cancellation.
Biography
"When Jake Sully took his first steps into the body of an avatar, he was both amazed and delighted. Released from his wheelchair, he returned to the life of a Marine, which he had to give up when he was paralyzed on Earth. A skinhead is always a skinhead, so Jake is drawn to the powerful and charismatic personality of Colonel Miles Quaritch, and sees the most experienced and veteran military man as a true leader."
On the side of the Na'vi
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Commander Information
When playing on the Na'vi side, Jake was also available, under the name of "Jake". He was identical to his RDA version in rarity and overall stats, although he gave boosts to different Troops.
Biography
"Jakesully is like a newborn Ikran, unfolding it's wings for the first time and unsteadily learning how to fly. His latent skills and talents are readily apparent to someone keen enough to observe them, but he needs to be trained and his senses sharpened. Jakesully uses the skills he learned on Earth as part of the Jarhead Clan to further his Na'vi training and to show to his teacher Neytiri that he is able to follow the Na'vi way."
Trivia
Jake Sully was originally named "Josh Sully" in James Cameron's first concept for Avatar (Project 880). He played a similar role, differing only in details; he is attacked in the jungle by a Medusa rather than a Manticore, releases Colonel Quaritch (rather than Neytiri killing him) whereafter the Colonel is eaten by a pack of viperwolves, and delivers a message to Earth after the final battle warning them of the "Pandora virus" which is deadly to humans.
In this script, he came from Charlotte, North Carolina.
After waking from cryosleep aboard the ISV Venture Star, Jake's locker can be seen still labeled as "Sully, T."; it was originally assigned to Jake's dead twin brother Tom.
Jake is 22 Earth years old before he sets off for Pandora. After years of cryosleep, he is chronologically 27 years old when he becomes an avatar and 28 years old when he permanently transfers his consciousness into his avatar body at the end of the film.
Jake's avatar body is estimated to be 17 years old biologically. It is, however, less than six years old chronologically, having been grown during the ISV Venture Star's journey to Pandora.
In the script, Neytiri becomes pregnant with Jake's child; however, the idea was not included in the final release. This is among the deleted scenes (New Life) from the Extended Collector's Edition.
Jake has a "Born Loser" tattoo on his back. It is not shown in the film, but it can be found in the script and in a making of video of the Extended Collector's Edition.
In 2006, temporary actor Daniel Bess played the role of Jake in a prototype to demonstrate the new technology. [5]
"Jake" is the short form of the name "Jacob", which means "to seize by the heel, supplanting". "Sully" means "south meadow", while the word "sully" means "to damage the purity"
Sam Worthington beat out two other actors James Cameron was considering for the role: Chris Evans and Channing Tatum. This was based on his delivery of the crucial speech to the Na'vi at the Tree of Souls.[6]
Sam Worthington won a Saturn Award for his portrayal of Jake in the first film.
The Na'vi (English: The People) are a race of sapient extraterrestrial humanoids who inhabit the lush jungle moon of Pandora. Humans are known to refer to them as "blues", "savages", "the locals", "hostiles", or "the natives". Parker Selfridge at one point refers to them as "blue monkeys".
They are the only known extraterrestrial species discovered to be sapient, like humans. Although the Na'vi are hunter-gatherers with technology equivalent of Earth's Paleolithic epoch, they are highly intelligent and have developed a sophisticated culture based on a profound spiritual connection to other life on their moon, each other, and an encompassing "goddess" they call Eywa.
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Habitat and Range
The Na'vi populate various biomes of Pandora, although their population is condensed in the jungle. Deserts, mesas, icy tundras, tropical reefs, wetlands, and mountainous regions are among the known habitats for Na'vi clans.[3][4]
Some Na'vi clans, including the Omaticaya clan and parts of the Tipani clan, live in tremendously large ancient trees they call Kelutral, or "Hometree".
Physiology
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An overview of Na'vi features.
The Na'vi are overall humanoid in their anatomy, though they also possess feline features such as flat, bifurcated noses, large, round eyes, pointed ears that can move independently, and a long, prehensile tail used for gripping and balance. The neck is long and body slender, with a narrow, elongated waist and wide shoulders that create a V-shaped upper back. Despite their thin proportions, their musculature is sharply defined and they have roughly four times the strength of a human in peak physical condition. The Na'vi use their superior strength, agility, and uncanny sense of balance to scale trees, rocks, and other obstacles with ease. In the unlikely case of a fall, they usually escape unharmed, as their bones are reinforced with a type of naturally occurring carbon fiber. Distinctly separating them from humans, native Na'vi possess only four digits on each hand and foot, including an opposable thumb and thumb toe.
The skin of the Na'vi is smooth and iridescent, appearing within the blue color spectrum, ranging from greenish-cyan and turquoise found in oceanic clans to deeper blues seen in jungle-fairing Na'vi such as the Omaticaya. The color is due to the presence of cyanin pigment which can "tan" to a darker purple color after prolonged UV exposure. The skin is marked with darker-colored markings, typically stripes, although this can vary widely. Bioluminescent markings, resembling freckles, dot the skin and seem to follow the circulatory or nervous system. These dots can change color to indicate mood and emotion, although it's unknown if the Na'vi have conscious control over this.
Na'vi have dark brown or black hair on their heads, part of which is sectioned off and braided around their queue for protection. The hair can differ in texture from straight to tightly curled. They appear to have no other body hair, with the exception of eyelashes and a small bob of fur on the end of their tails.
Details
The Na'vi cell nucleus does not use nucleic acids to encode genetic information. Therefore, their genetic makeup is not considered to be DNA (thus they most likely do not utilize RNA in the synthesis of proteins).[5]
Despite their cyan skin color, the Na'vi have red blood, utilizing an iron oxygen-transporting compound similar to hemoglobin.[3][6]
The size of Na'vi varies by region and genetic history. The average male stands 3 meters (~10 feet) tall, females slightly smaller, and the maximum observed size is 3.9 meters (~12 feet, 10 inches).[3][4]
Males possess a prominent musculature structure on the chest, which is not observed in females.
Dentition is similar to that of humans, though the canines are more pronounced.
Diversification
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Rotxo, a member of the Metkayina clan
Although scientists consider the Na'vi to be a single species, there is a unique level of diversification and morphological variation among them comparable to domesticated dogs of Earth; they show evidence of rapid evolution to widely varied habitats. An example of this is the Metkayina clan, an oceanic group of Na'vi who have evolved to an aquatic lifestyle by developing fin-like arms and legs, broad, paddle-shaped tails, greener skin with more watery stripes, and blue/green eyes. Exactly how many "races" of Na'vi exist is unclear.[7]
Evolution
The Na'vi are fundamentally different from all other large Pandoran animals:
Na'vi have four limbs and use two legs for locomotion (bipedal tetrapod), while most medium-to-large-bodied Pandoran animals have a total of six limbs (or wings) for locomotion (hexapod).
Na'vi have only a single pair of eyes while almost all other medium-to-large bodied Pandoran animals have two pairs of eyes; one primary set and another slightly smaller set.
Most medium-to-large bodied Pandoran animals have two queues extending backward from the head, while the Na'vi only have a single queue.
Most medium-to-large bodied Pandoran animals possess twin operculi near the shoulder/breast bone which supplies air for both respiration as well as internal body temperature regulation, while the Na'vi possess no such structures.
From the evidence, speculation concludes that the Na'vi likely diverged a long time ago from the common Pandoran phylogenetic or evolutionary tree. This is supported by the existence of prolemuris, and its physical similarities to the Na'vi. Although prolemuri appear to be bipedal hexapods while the Na'vi completely lack the second forelimb, prolemuris's forelimbs are partially fused and split at the elbow; this indicates they likely experienced a form of limb fusion at some point during their evolution, and that the Na'vi did as well, but to a further extent. Terrestrial lemurs share a common primate ancestry with humans, the presence of a lemur-like creature on Pandora suggests a similar evolutionary relationship between the Na'vi and other extinct or unobserved species with primate morphology.
Lifespan and Reproduction
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A Na'vi infant
Na'vi are monogamous creatures who mate for life and the process of their reproduction is similar to Terran mammals; however, though they nurse their young and possess belly buttons where they were once connected to an umbilical cord, the Na'vi are non-placental, thus the details of their internal biology and gestation period are unknown. Some Na'vi elect to abstain from reproduction, despite being sexually active; it is not known how contraception is accomplished in this case, although the Na'vi appear to be quite sophisticated in this regard.
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An infant Na'vi communes with the Tree of Voices
A Na'vi female will typically produce from one to ten offspring, often spaced widely apart in time. Na'vi females have two breasts and nurse their infants for up to four months. Directly after birth, newborn Na'vi perform their first instance of tsaheylu with their mother to form a strong emotional bond and with her, then they are brought to the Tree of Voices to connect to the Pandoran collective consciousness for the first time. Once born, Na'vi children mature more rapidly than humans, reaching mental, physical, and cultural adulthood between the ages of 15 - 17 Terran years.[8] Afterward, Na'vi experience a "plateau" of adulthood without physical decline. Although lifespan data is incomplete, it is estimated to be 30% longer than the average human.
Despite being hybrid creatures, avatars are able to reproduce with Na'vi. In these cases, there is a chance for the children of such unions to inherit human features such as eyebrows, five fingers, and human-like noses, but it is also possible for them to be born near-indistinguishable from a native Na'vi.[9]
Language
Main Article: Na'vi Language
The Na'vi language is almost entirely oral, although the Na'vi also utilize sign language and body gestures to communicate. The common Na'vi tongue has remained largely unchanged for thousands of years; although dialects of Na'vi exist, they are all unmistakably variants of the same root. Theories as to why the Na'vi language has remained so consistent vary and point to the Na'vi's oral storytelling traditions, their early domestication of flying mounts allowing them to travel quickly, and the Pandoran neural network, which allows clans to stay connected to one another across vast distances. Na'vi brain structure and memory is also proposed to play a part in this phenomenon.
Part of the clan's oral tradition is the songcord, a mnemonic device that aids in oral recounting. These intricately strung strings of beads and other objects represent a Na'vi's personal history. Whenever a significant event happens in their life, they add an item to the cord. Larger songcords can represent entire families and clans or recount sets of data. Song in general is especially important to the Na'vi, with much of their history being recounted through ancient songs known as way, and the earliest accounts of their society documented in the First Songs.
Numbers
Main article: Octal Arithmetic
Because Na'vi only have four fingers on each hand, their counting system is based on the number eight. They use this octal arithmetic in their daily life. Early in the history of their language, the Na'vi had no words for numbers higher than mevol (16), the sum of all fingers and toes on their body. Anything more was simply called pxay (many). Octal numbers can easily be confused with decimal numbers unless a numeral 8 or 9 is present or the number is followed by a subscript to indicate the base system used, 8 for the octal system, or 10 for a decimal system.
History
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A Na'vi cave painting depicting the legendary Toruk Makto
The Na'vi are a proud people who place great importance on sharing stories of their ancestors with the next generation. These tales, referred to by the Na'vi as the First Songs, are not written down, but form a rich oral history. Scenes from them are depicted in cave paintings and artifacts. The societies portrayed in the First Songs are fundamentally very similar to the Na'vi clans of today, despite the great passage of time between them. Studies by xenoanthropologists suggest that the Na'vi have experienced few evolutionary changes or changes in population numbers for at least 12 million years. This can be explained by Pandora's balanced ecosystem and a lack of external pressures to adapt, meaning that there was simply no need for the Na'vi to change their ways. The First Songs the Na'vi teach their children thus remain relevant for generation after generation.
Toruk Makto
One of the most famous Na'vi legend tells of the adventures of Omatikaya clan members Entu and Ralu, along with Tsyal of the Tawkami clan. These three youngsters set out on a quest across Pandora and the various Na'vi clans to save the Tree of Souls from the threat of an erupting volcano. Entu, with the help of the artifacts borrowed from various clans, became the first Na'vi to ride the deadly winged toruk, gaining the title of Toruk Makto, uniting all of the clans, and saving his people. Generations later, the tale of Toruk Makto is still sung and influences the actions of a new generation of Na'vi. Since this event, only six other Na'vi have become Toruk Makto, including Jake Sully and Neytiri's great-great-grandfather.
Arrival of humans
The Omatikaya clan were the first clan to make contact with humans, whom the Na'vi refer to as "Sky People". Initial relations were mostly peaceful, although the Na'vi greatly disapproved of the humans' destructive practices, including their mining of unobtanium, which is forbidden by the laws of the Na'vi. Many humans, especially the higher-ups of the Resources Development Administration, viewed the Na'vi as violent savages and were in favor of their demise.[16] Others sought to exploit the Na'vi for personal wealth, leading to clans such as the Anurai becoming the targets of violence due to the value of their artifacts on Earth's black market. Avatars were eventually employed by the RDA as diplomatic devices to help build trust in the Na'vi, but many clans viewed them as unnatural and unsettling.[16]
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Na'vi children were the main attendees of Grace's schoolhouse before its closure.
Diplomatic ties with the Na'vi were established in 2142 with the opening of Grace Augustine's schoolhouse, where Na'vi children could learn about and interact with humans in a safe environment; however, the schoolhouse would ultimately be closed 10 years later and humans forbidden from entering the Omatikaya's land following a massacre there by SecOps mercenaries that resulted in the deaths of several students. 2154 saw several events that furthered the strain of the Na'vi's relationship with humanity, including the destruction of the Omatikaya clan's Hometree. Jake Sully ultimately led a counterassault against the RDA and expelled them from Pandora, but they returned 14 years later and established the Bridgehead complex on the Pandoran coast.[17]
Known Clans
Na'vi clans exist in every biome of Pandora, and each has its own unique culture, sometimes even unique physiology. Despite their differences and distance from one another, clans stay interconnected through trade and tradition. Although they are largely independent, different clans from distant areas will cooperate in times of great crisis. The only known event that has caused all clans to join together is when they are led by a Toruk Makto, a Na'vi who has managed to ride and control a great leonopteryx and, in doing so, unite all clans under them.
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Ikran People of the Eastern Sea
Anurai clan – Renowned artisans who are targeted by humans who wish to steal their artifacts.
Hulanta clan - A clan living in the wetlands in contact with the Forward Base.[18]
Kekunan clan - The first clan to ride banshees.
Mangkwan clan – A clan close to the Omaticaya, known to be very welcoming to all who seek refuge there.[19]
Metkayina clan – Clan located on the reefs of the Pandoran ocean.[20]
Olangi clan – One of the horse clans of the plains.[21]
Omaticaya clan – A jungle-dwelling clan that lives in a Hometree, nearest to the RDA's mining operations.
Rey'tanu clan - Unseen clan living in the arid highlands.[18]
Tawkami clan – A clan renowned for their knowledge of chemistry and botany.[22]
Tayrangi clan - A clan living in the eastern sea region.[21]
Tipani clan – One of the first to make contact with humans, renowned for their strength and use of armor.
Trivia
According to Jon Landau, every Na'vi seen in the first film is left-handed and fires their bow accordingly. This decision was made because Zoe Saldaña is left-handed.[23]
The Na'vi seen in the first film and most of the games fire their bows in an inverse position, with the palm of the string-pulling hand facing outwards instead of inwards toward their face. This was done to make the gesture seem less human and emphasize the Na'vi's different biochemistry and digit count.[23]
An avatar (Na'vi name: uniltìrantokx meaning "dream walker") is a genetically engineered human/Na'vi-hybrid body, designed to serve as a remotely controlled vessel for a human mind.
Selected human candidates from the RDA-funded Avatar Program, known as drivers, can psionically connect with their avatar bodies, which use their human DNA as part of the genetic templates and greatly resemble the drivers' own facial features. The avatars are used to explore Pandora without needing exopacks to breathe air that would be poisonous to humans, and to more easily interact with the Na'vi natives.
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Purpose
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Jake Sully wakes up as an avatar for the first time.
When an avatar is born (the technical term is "decanted") as a post-adolescent, it looks like a Na'vi and can live comfortably on Pandora, but it has enough human neurophysiology to be used as an avatar, or surrogate body. The human volunteer then becomes the avatar's controller or "driver". Each avatar is genetically keyed to its respective human controller. Using psionic link technology, the human controller can remotely control the avatar body out in the wilds of Pandora, receiving all sensory input and providing all motor control to the body. Essentially, the controller lives through the avatar, and is completely unaware of his or her human body while linked.
Humans use this method because they cannot live on Pandora without breathing gear, as the atmosphere is toxic to humans, containing lethal levels of carbon dioxide (>18%) and hydrogen sulfide (>1%). The Avatar Program was originally intended to create mine workers who did not need environmental protection systems and could eat Pandoran foodstuffs, but the cost of the mental-link system remained too high for the numbers needed.
Avatars are now used mainly for scientific field work and, when the opportunity arises, to interact with the Na'vi and study them. By communicating with the locals through avatars, which appear less alien to them, the RDA has been trying to bridge the cultural gap and improve relations with the Na'vi. However, this task has been difficult due to communication and negotiation issues. It was hoped that the avatars could act as unofficial ambassadors, but the Na'vi have for the most part viewed these hybrid creatures with a mix of contempt and mistrust, referring to them as "dreamwalkers" or "demons in false bodies."[2] Nonetheless, avatars serve important roles as mediators by relaying cultural information and demands to each party in a peaceful manner, and in some cases by teaching the Na'vi English and basic skills.
Creation and birth
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Jake Sully takes a look at his mature avatar
The Avatar Program scientists take DNA from a Na'vi and from a selected human volunteer. On Earth, in genetics labs, they create an in-vitro embryo, which is a genetic composite of the alien and human donors. The cost of each avatar is roughly five billion dollars ($5,000,000,000).[3] The recombinant embryo is grown in-vitro during the flight to Pandora, which takes 3 years ship-time (5 years Earth time due to relativistic effects from the light-speed). In that time it reaches near-adult size, since avatars mature much more rapidly than humans.
Avatars are normally grown 'en-route' to Pandora in an amnio tank, which serves as an artificial womb, while their operators sleep in cryo-hibernation for the journey. During the flight, the avatar progresses from coin-sized embryo to a near-adult size of nine to ten feet (2.75 to 3.0m). A gentle blue light, provided in the tank and falling within the natural Pandoran daylight spectrum, aids the avatar's skin formation and guarantees amniotic fluid sterility. The fluid itself is of similar chemical composition to Pandora's oceans.[4] A nutrient-rich broth is circulated through an artificial placenta, a purpose-designed matrix of spongiform blood vessels and monitoring electrodes. Engineered hormones are used to stimulate rapid growth and ensure correct organ development and muscle tone during the interstellar journey.
While the avatars in-vitro wince like dreaming babies, when "born" they are not believed to be sentient, having no personalities of their own. Their sensorimotor and higher brain functions operate only through a psionic link with a human driver. The avatar body is intended simply as an empty vessel for use as a surrogate body by the human operator.
Decantation usually takes place in the Ambient Room at the Hell's Gate BioLab complex.[5] (The avatars grown for Jake Sully, Norm Spellman and Able Ryder were decanted from their tanks shortly after their arrival.) After decantation, the artificial placental matrix and umbilical cord are removed. The wound heals naturally over the course of a few days. Once all tests confirm that maturation is complete and all wounds are healing, the avatar is ready for initial motor cortex testwork and neural interface linkup.
An avatar was created and a cryo berth reserved for scientist Tom Sully aboard the ISV Venture Star, scheduled to arrive at Pandora in mid-2154. However, Tom met an untimely death at the hands of thieves a week before embarking for Pandora. His twin brother Jake was quickly recruited by RDA agents into the Avatar Program. Since Jake's genetic makeup was identical to his brother's, he was able to use the avatar created for Tom, albeit with no training prior to his arrival on Pandora.
Physiology
The fully grown avatar is much closer in appearance to the long-limbed Na'vi than to a human. Typical adult size ranges from nine to ten feet (2.75 to 3.0m) tall with blue skin, bioluminescent markings and large eyes with golden irises. Movable ears, a tail and the Na'vi queue, a unique set of nerve endings normally braided into a hair-like configuration protruding from the base of the skull, are faithfully reproduced to be nearly identical to those of the Na'vi. Respiration, musculo-skeletal structure, internal organ function and arrangement are comparable to those of the Na'vi, enabling sustained precision operation in the hostile Pandoran atmosphere and jungle environment. The avatar also possesses reproductive organs but further data has not been released.
The avatar body possesses greater strength and resilience than the body of its human driver, owing this to the carbon fibers reinforcing its bones. This quality greatly improves resistance to accidental damage, such as impacts from falls and other mishaps, especially as a new operator is getting used to driving his or her avatar.
An avatar cannot function independently of its operator - if the operator is not actively linked, an avatar remains inactive in a state of restful sleep. Its autonomic body functions (breathing, digestion, metabolism and other stem-brain processes) operate normally.
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The avatars sleep in a longhouse near Hell's Gate
Some known differences between the avatars and Na'vi are due to the influence of human DNA.
Critically, the avatar brain and nervous system are modeled to precisely match those of its human operator while still maintaining appropriate Na'vi cellular biology. The avatar also possesses the necessary nervous system pathways required for the control interface.
Avatars retain the human configuration of five digits on each hand and foot, as opposed to the native Na'vi who possess four digits on each limb.
Avatars possess eyebrows, while the Na'vi are hairless apart from their scalp and a small tuft of hair on the tips of their tails.
Avatars display somewhat more human-like body musculature and structure than the Na'vi. (This is especially apparent when comparing the build of Jake Sully to that of the male Na'vi of the Omaticaya clan; Jake's body structure is sturdier than those of the more willowy Na'vi).
The Na'vi have large lemur-like eyes, while an avatar's eyes are usually smaller and more human-like.
The Na'vi nose is flat and cat-like, while the nose of an avatar has a more human-like central ridge. In some cases (such as Grace Augustine) the central ridge is quite pronounced.
The queue of an avatar starts at the base of the skull, whereas a Na'vi queue starts at the top of the skull. The reason for this is not clear.
The Na'vi have opposable big toes, while avatars do not.
Transfer of
Atmosphere
Pandora's atmosphere is a mixture of nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide (>18%), xenon (>5.5%), methane, and hydrogen sulfide (>1%) and is about 20% denser than the atmosphere on Earth primarily due to the high percentage of Xenon; a heavy, colourless, odourless, and generally unreactive noble gas. The high concentration of carbon dioxide in the Pandoran atmosphere makes it extremely poisonous to humans, rendering them unconscious in about 20 seconds and causing death in about 4 minutes when they venture out unprotected by specialized breathing masks. The hydrogen sulfide present is also quite poisonous; concentrations over 1000 ppm (0.1 %) can cause immediate collapse with subsequent loss of breathing, even after inhalation of a single breath.
The increased air resistance within this denser atmosphere has a number of effects:
Lower terminal velocity. Combined with Pandora's twenty-percent lower gravity, a freely falling object's maximum speed is significantly less than on earth. A Na'vi who happens to fall from a flying mountain banshee has a good chance of surviving uninjured if they are over a forested area. Even over water, falling spread-eagled can reduce their speed sufficiently to allow an impact with the surface that will not knock them unconscious.
The increased mass of the denser air means that more force is required to accelerate it as it is moved out of the path of a moving object. Humans on Pandora experience this when they try to run – it feels like there is a wind blowing against them, even though the air is still. They are further hampered by the fact that the reduced gravity causes their boots to slip more readily on paved or smooth surfaces, giving them less traction to force their bodies forward. The Na'vi compensate for this loss of frictional force by curling their large toes into the soft ground, and Pandoran six-legged animals use their many feet to gain a purchase on protruding rocks or small crevices.
Flying animals can take advantage of both the lower gravity, which reduces the weight of their body, and the increased air density, which requires more force to displace with the downward/rearward stroke of their wings, and thus gives the animals body more impetus with each flap. The downside is that the denser air is harder to move through, and requires highly-efficient streamlining to achieve high flight speeds.
Plants are subject to greater wind force, as the greater air density means that the moving air carries more kinetic energy and more momentum, and the plants, leaves, stems, branches, and trunks must all have a greater strength and/or flexibility to resist it.
Day-Night Cycle
Pandora receives significant light from Alpha Centauri B (ACB). As a result, Pandoran nights are never dark during half of the Polyphemian year, but instead are more like Earthly dusk. At the closest point in its orbit, ACB is about 2,300 times as bright as Earth's full moon; at its furthest point, it is still one hundred and seventy times as bright. During the other half of the year when ACB is in the daytime sky, many Pandoran nights are illuminated by both Polyphemus's huge disk and the reflected light from other nearby moons. Truly dark nights are uncommon. Polyphemus occasionally eclipses ACB at night for about one hundred minutes, but the light reflected by the planet still keeps the night from being dark.
When ACB shares the daytime sky with ACA, at its closest it adds about half a percent to the total illumination. When the 2 stars are close together in the sky, the effect of ACB's more orange light is unnoticeable. But, as they separate over the years, an orange tint may be seen in areas shadowed from ACA's direct illumination. At its most distant, ACB is about 2,700 times dimmer than ACA and does not produce noticeable lighting effects. However, it still appears as a blindingly-bright tiny orange disk in the sky.
Because of its high axial tilt (29°), Pandora exhibits considerable annual variation in the day-to-night ratio. In addition, its elliptical orbit produces seasonal temperature variations and a range in daytime illumination of about ten percent.
Geography
The terrain on Pandora differs somewhat from place to place, as do the Na'vi clans that inhabit them. The humans have settled in the jungle region which is home to the Omaticaya clan. There are different ecosystems within each region, and many species such as the mountain banshee are present over a much wider range of biomes than their name would suggest. It also appears that floating land masses are not only isolated to the jungle region, but are widespread as suggested in Avatar: The Game. The Pandoran surface features jungles, mountains, volcanoes,[4] plains (savanna), and oceans. A desert also exists in Anurai mythology.[5]
Like on Earth, the forests of Pandora contain a wide diversity of flora and fauna. These are all part of the giant neural network that covers Pandora. The forests are full of bioluminescent life that glows in shades of blue, green, indigo and violet during the night.
Natural Resources
Pandora is a treasure trove of both living and nonliving natural resources. It is the first celestial body to host intelligent sentient lifeforms away from Earth and is also home to a plethora of diverse and spectacular species unlike anything ever speculated by humanity. In terms of nonliving resources, several large areas of the moon's surface contain the extremely rare superconducting mineral unobtanium. This mineral is worth twenty million standard dollars per unrefined kilogram and twice that in its refined state. The mineral's superconductivity makes it a baffling scientific discovery.
Trivia
The name Pandora refers to the first woman according to Greek mythology. She was a very curious woman who was given a jar (Pithos) and was told not to open it. Pandora was not able to resist opening the jar and, when she did, all the evils in the world were released. When she discovered the evil she'd unleashed, she hastened to close the jar, and managed to contain one evil before it escaped: "Hopelessness". Therefore, all humans still had hope, an idea that would eventually conquer the evils. Pandora was not punished for her actions, as Zeus knew she would open the Pithos.
Pandora is also the name of the planet in the video game series Borderlands, though the world is mostly wasteland.
Polyphemus refers to a cyclops in Greek mythology, the son of Poseidon who was later blinded by Odysseus.
In the original script, Pandora's flora was mostly violet, blue and cyan in color, but ultimately director James Cameron decided to go with the more familiar green so as to keep the scenery more believable.[6]
In reality, one of the smaller moons of Saturn is named Pandora.
Stephen Baxter's book The Science of Avatar gives somewhat different numbers for the size and mass of Pandora than An Activist Survival Guide, even though both books are officially licensed (Baxter includes a "Resources" section in his book in which he recommends An Activist Survival Guide along with a few other books and websites, but he adds "note that these sources derive from different points in a still-continuing development process and aren't always consistent.") Baxter writes in Chapter 14 that "Pandora's gravity is about eighty percent of Earth's. Its diameter is three-quarters of Earth's, and its mass about half", whereas p. 6 of An Activist Survival Guide gives the diameter as 11447 km (about 89.7% of Earth's equatorial diameter of 12756 km) and its mass as 72% that of Earth.
Status Power Mingguan
-- Peringkat
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-- Power
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