Chapitre 1416: Chapter 1416: The Four Major Grain Merchants ABCD
"Jianing, the profits of these companies, except for those of Galaxy Fund, do not need to be transferred here.'
'Go gather the think tank and, according to the original financial market layout, have each company increase investment according to their respective strengths and depending on the situation.'
'However, you also need to come up with a top-level plan for me to see.'
After putting down the statistical report, Xia Yu called back the distracted Fok Kin-ning and gave him direct orders.
'Okay, I will step up and complete the task in the next two days,' Fok Kin-ning immediately replied in a loud voice.
'Well, go ahead.'
...
After Fok Kin-ning left, Xia Yu looked at the time and found that it was already late, so he returned home to see his wife and children.
And in the next few days, Xia Yu also pondered for a long time where to spend some of the money after making so much.
His financial layout was already very large, and it would take a long time to wait for the right time to reap the rewards.
However, he could not just wait around during this period.
Just after reading the Fortune Global 500 list in the Economic Weekly, Xia Yu was inspired.
He immediately arranged for someone to investigate the market situation and collect relevant information.
Within a few days, his global business intelligence network had gathered all the information he needed.
This time, he set his sights on the global commodity trading market!
Commodities refer to physical goods that can enter the circulation, but are not retail goods, and have commodity attributes that are used in industrial and agricultural production and consumption.
Commodities are not traded to ordinary consumers, and are generally difficult for the general public to access.
In fact, many countries do not attach importance to this field, or do not understand it very well.
For example, after joining the WTO, the mainland took a hard fall in commodity trading in 2004.
The four international grain merchants ABCD used large-scale transactions to wipe out almost all the mainland companies in the soybean sector, and took the opportunity to acquire major mainland soybean industry companies at low prices, opening up the entire industry chain.
Half of the 40 million soybean farmers were laid off and had to leave their homes and become one of the 200 million migrant workers, which had a huge negative impact on society.
Back to the topic.
Soybeans are a type of bulk commodity and also belong to the broad category of agricultural products.
In fact, there are many types of bulk commodities, such as non-ferrous metal products such as gold, silver, copper, iron and aluminium, energy and chemical products such as crude oil, natural rubber, propane and heating oil, as well as agricultural and sideline products such as corn, soybeans, wheat, rice, cocoa and cotton.
For the sake of classification, they are divided into three categories: energy commodities, basic raw materials, and agricultural and sideline products.
In terms of commodity trading, Xia Yu has actually been doing it for a long time and is still a big player in the field.
After all is said and done, the status of the commodity market is tied to the amount of resources available.
When it comes to resources, Xia Yu has too much, so in relative terms, it already has a very high market influence in many fields.
Needless to say, natural rubber, because of its backing in Southeast Asia, the Hong Kong Mercantile Exchange has become the world's largest natural rubber futures trading place.
The two rubber kings of Southeast Asia are both allies of Xia Yu, and their companies have been bought in by Xia Yu. The Hong Kong Mercantile Exchange is in turn controlled by Xia Yu, so Xia Yu controls the highest pricing power for natural rubber.
In terms of minerals, the giant lurking under the water, Bluestar Mining, is relying on the connections and resources provided by Xia Yu to gallop all the way to the top of the mining industry.
In terms of crude oil, Pacific Oil Company is also a wealthy owner after taking over one big oil field after another according to Xia Yu's instructions. As long as there are plans to develop some of the oil fields in the future, it will be able to gain a pivotal market position.
In these fields, there is no shortage of resources, but the strength in other aspects besides mining needs to be strengthened.
After all, having the resources in hand is one thing, but whether they can be sold at high prices to earn more profits is another.
But in any case, having a huge amount of resources already puts one in an invincible position.
In Xia Yu's plan, Bluestar Mining Company focuses on metal products, one of the three major categories of commodities.
Pacific Oil Company, on the other hand, relies on crude oil as the basis to improve energy and chemical products such as heating oil, unleaded regular gasoline, propane and petroleum extracts.
Looking at it this way,
he still has a significant weakness in commodity trading, which is agricultural and sideline products and the entire industry chain.
In this regard, it's not that he doesn't have a company, it's just that it's not strong.
For example, the primary subsidiary of Jiuding Industrial Group, Taikoo Agriculture Group, has companies such as Taikoo Cotton, Taikoo Sugar, and Taikoo Tea, and has many plantations and farms in countries such as Australia and India.
Globally, it can be considered a strong player.
In Australia and New Zealand, Queensland Sugar and New Zealand Sugar occupy the largest market share in the two countries, with a market share of over 75%, and are also the largest exporters of sugar.
In the mainland, there is a Sinagri Group, which was established three years ago. It is a group of agricultural production means in the whole industry chain of agriculture, and has subsidiaries in pesticides and pesticide equipment, chemical fertilizers, small farm tools, semi-mechanised farm tools, mechanised farm tools, feed, seedling cultivation, etc.
But in the final analysis, Sinagri Group's positioning is as a supplier of agricultural production means, not as a grower and seller of agricultural products, and the difference is still very great.
It's not that Xia Yu doesn't want to build a company in the mainland that rivals COFCO, it's just that it's not very mature at the moment.
The household contract responsibility system in the mainland has only been implemented for less than eight years, and land is a very sensitive issue. Furthermore, the mainland is still dominated by a smallholder economy. It is possible for the Kyushu Industry Group to enter the field of agricultural and sideline products production, but it is basically impossible to become a giant. It will be more realistic to wait until the 1990s.
Therefore, Xia Yu wanted to become a global giant in the trading of agricultural and sideline products, and at the moment, he could only find a way to do so in a country outside the mainland.
With sufficient capital, the simplest way was to take over an existing industry giant.
Without a doubt, Xia Yu had set his sights on the four major grain traders of the future: ABCD. These four companies were listed in the data collected this time.
Cargill, the American company, is the C in the four major grain traders and is the biggest agricultural products trading overlord in the future.
Founded in 1865, Cargill is now more than 120 years old. To this day, Cargill is not listed on the stock market and is jointly controlled by the MacMillan and Cargill families. The two families have been intermarried for centuries and are inseparable.
The two families have a very prudent business style and do not like to operate with loans, so their development has been relatively slow. At this time, Cargill had already entered the Asian market, and even started trading with China in 1972 after Richard Nixon's visit to China.
The A in the Big Four is the American company Archer Daniels Midland (ADM), which was founded in 1902 and is now a top oilseed, corn and wheat processing company.
Like Cargill, it is not listed and is currently run by the founder's family, the Daniels family.
Because ADM was founded by the two founders Daniels and Archer and later merged with Midland, its ownership is not as concentrated as Cargill's.
The fourth major grain merchant is Bunge, but it is not considered an American company because its headquarters have not yet been moved to the United States.
Bunge is also an extremely old company, older than Cargill, founded in 1818 in Amsterdam, the Netherlands, and was already a major global food supplier before Cargill was established.
Currently, Bunge is not listed and has been in the hands of the Bunge family for more than 160 years. The control is very deep and unassailable.
The last D of the four major grain merchants is the French company Louis Dreyfus Company. Founded in 1851, this company has a development strategy similar to Cargill's, both moving forward in secrecy and away from the public eye.
Currently, the Louis Dreyfus family is also not listed, and is run by the Louis Dreyfus family. The current family head and chairman of the group is Robert Louis Dreyfus, who holds 81% of the Louis Dreyfus Group's shares. The remaining 19% of the shares are also concentrated in the hands of other members of the Louis Dreyfus family.
In addition to these four giants, there are also companies such as Icam, Daliven, Paul Reinhart, and Oran in the global bulk trading market for agricultural and sideline products.
However, most of these companies are very low-key, quietly making a fortune, and they are not listed, and the shareholdings are relatively concentrated.
After finding out this information, Xia Yu also felt a bit of a headache.
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