Chapter 349: Chapter 349: Elephant Pavilion Design
Shooting mv is just a small episode in the peaceful daily life of the zoo.
Fang Ye has been thinking about the detailed design of the elephant museum recently. Elephants are the largest mammals on the land. They have very developed intelligence. They have requirements for exhibition area, temperature and humidity, and various conditions on the ground, as well as the development of intelligence. For the needs of complex life, there are many needs that have not yet been known by humans.
It is more cruel to keep elephants in captivity in zoos than other animals in captivity, but the ornamental value and popular science value of elephants cannot be replaced by other animals.
There are very few zoos that can raise elephants. Generally speaking, the lifespan of elephants in captivity can rarely reach the longevity in the wild.
Even more cruel are the whales and dolphins. Elephants are still terrestrial animals. It is easier to make enrichments. The cost of providing venues is relatively low. You can still get tens of thousands of square meters if you want to do it. In fact, it's already very small, but Minato can make it through.
Cetaceans in captivity do not have such conditions at all, and at least one hundred thousand cubic meters of internal space is needed to start. The construction and maintenance cost of the aquarium is so high, who can provide it. It's the same as if a person is held in a bathtub, so the life of captives is much shorter than that in the wild, without exception.
Male killer whales in the wild live on average to 30 years old, females 50 years old, the longest life span of males can reach 60 years old, and females 105 years old. Captive killer whales can only survive for an average of 9-10 years, and the mortality rate is 2.5 times higher than that of wild killer whales.
Therefore, it is necessary to have complete conditions for raising elephants. The huge area is not enough. Various aspects must be done well, such as indoor animal shelters, outdoor venues, training walls, training cages, and fullness... Complex and detailed requirements.
Most elephants in zoos have more or less stereotyped behaviors. Some elephants have very serious stereotyped behaviors. They keep shaking their heads all day, which is no different from walking dead. Hundreds of square meters of space can only make the elephant "alive".
If you raise elephants with such low requirements, the most basic site area is not enough, and the backyard is only a few dozen square meters, and the sky is facing the wall. If it is not rigid, it will be a hell.
How big is enough to make the elephant feel comfortable?
Four simple words: the bigger the better.
Raising an elephant is not easy.
Fang Ye also decided to raise elephants because Linhai has a tropical and subtropical climate, and there is no winter.
Otherwise, in the long and cold winter, the elephants have to stay indoors to keep warm, and the indoor area is much smaller than the outdoor area.
The first is the indoor animal house. The indoor animal house for animals is generally made of concrete ground, which is conducive to the maintenance of daily environmental hygiene, but for elephants, a single hard ground is not conducive to elephant health.
An adult elephant urinates 50 liters a day. Pay special attention to the drainage of the concrete floor. Otherwise, the stagnant water cannot be drained quickly. The elephant will have to stand on the wet ground, which is not only uncomfortable, but also easy to cause feet. Infect.
Elephants eat a lot and pull a lot. The indoor animal shelters in some zoos have not considered this aspect of design. The small enclosures are full of yellow-green feces mixed with urine. Can an elephant feel happy in this environment?
Therefore, Fang Ye uses a sandy surface of more than 50cm in his backyard.
In addition to allowing elephants to stand comfortably, sand can also allow elephants to bury food, dig holes, pile up soil, bathe in the sand with their trunks, and play with sand, which is a good enrichment.
Sandy land is also very helpful for female elephants to give birth. On sandy land, the amniotic fluid produced during childbirth will infiltrate quickly, so that the ground will not be very slippery. Female elephants can help newborn elephants to stand up quickly.
If the baby elephant always slips while trying to stand, the female elephant will of course feel very nervous and anxious, and the consequences of the elephant's anxiety are very serious, such as kicking the breeder or dragging the nose to the violent one. Slammed and trampled.
Even though the elephants look simple and honest, they think that they have a good temper. Elephants are very smart and have rich and sensitive emotions. When they are in a good mood, they are gentle giants. When they are angry they become violent war beasts.
In fact, in the zoo, elephants kill more keepers than any other beast.
With powerful strength, clever mind, and flexible control capabilities, elephants, like the great apes, are recognized as "the number one dangerous animal in the zoo."
There was an elephant breeder in Fang Ye's "Zoo Dry Goods Group", who was nearly trampled to death by an elephant recently.
Red envelopes were given to everyone to celebrate my fluke escape.
I don't know why I'm in a bad mood!
Staring at the breeder was a little angry, but he was softened because of taking care of himself, and after a stalemate with him on the wall for a while, he let him go.
Although nothing happened, it was still a very scary thing.
The circus also has animal performances and elephant rides in some institutions, which make the elephants fear through painful punishments. It seems to be obedient, but when the fear accumulates and breaks the threshold, the elephants will carry out fatal attacks. .
Therefore, as tourists see elephants, for your own personal safety, it is best to keep your distance, not to feed them, and it is not recommended to try elephant riding activities.
Pulling away.
The benefits of sand are more than that, it also makes the elephants more comfortable when they sleep.
It used to be thought that elephants sleep standing up and lying for a long time will put the heart under pressure. Now they have discovered that they actually sleep lying down at night.
If there is a pile of dirt or sand, the elephant can lie on its side to relieve the pressure on the head and shoulders, as well as the pressure on the knee joints by the legs.
Especially for older elephants or elephants with arthritis, being able to sleep comfortably on the sand **** is good for physical and mental health.
Of course The replacement and cleaning of sand and soil cushions are more troublesome than cement floors, but in order to make the elephants live better, it's a little troublesome.
If it is a temperate zone, the natural light cycle cannot guarantee the needs of the elephants, and artificial auxiliary lighting must be used in the cage to simulate the light law of the habitat.
Although the Linhai Zoo is located in the tropical and subtropical areas, there is no need to simulate the natural light cycle, but the night light is still necessary, because elephants also have certain activities at night, and more than 50% of the whole day's feed intake is carried out at night.
Simulate the lighting intensity of starlight and moonlight, so that elephants can also conduct social activities and eat food at night. The brightness of the light is gradually changed, so as not to frighten the elephants by sudden changes in brightness.
The railings of the animal shelter are also exquisite!
If the railing is horizontal, like a ladder, the elephant may climb over the barrier.
The non-operating surface is a closely arranged oblique railing, which makes it inconvenient for the elephant's trunk to stretch out, and prevents the elephant from harming the breeder.
A few railings with a vertical spacing of 40cm should also be left, so that the breeder can quickly escape from the animal house in emergency and avoid the elephant's attack.
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