In some fanfictions, it might be a really strange and unique concept where Goku is depicted as Vegeta's pet. But this is far from the original relationship in the official Dragon Ball story. It's just a creative and often humorous take that some fanfic writers explore.
His power would develop more in line with Saiyan traditions. He'd probably have a stronger base power due to the intense training environment on Planet Vegeta. There would be more emphasis on raw power and combat skills from a young age.
Well, he would probably be a very different person. He might be more in tune with the Saiyan warrior culture. He could be more aggressive and less empathetic compared to the Goku we know. He would grow up learning the ways of the Saiyans on Planet Vegeta, which means he'd be trained to fight and conquer from a very young age.
Bulma could be involved. Since she has a relationship with Vegeta and is friends with Goku, she might try to mediate between them when Goku snaps at Vegeta. She could be the voice of reason, trying to calm both of them down and make them see each other's point of view.
Yes, in the vast world of fanfiction, there are all kinds of creative and out - of - the - box stories. Some fans like to explore unusual relationships and scenarios, so it's possible that there is such a fanfiction out there. However, it goes against the original canon of the Dragon Ball series in many ways.
Well, if they were brothers in a fanfic, it could change how they interact with the other characters. Maybe they'd have a deeper understanding and fewer power struggles between them. Also, their family background and upbringing could be explored in new and interesting ways.
It's a bit hard to say for sure. Both Vegeta and Goku have their moments of strength. Goku has some unique powers and techniques that give him an edge at times, but Vegeta is no slouch either and constantly works to catch up and surpass Goku.
Generally, Goku still holds the edge over Vegeta. Their power levels fluctuate, but Goku often achieves higher peaks of strength and unlocks more powerful forms first.