No. The tone and nature of 'A Christmas Story' are very different from the story where Nurse Ratched exists. 'A Christmas Story' is light - hearted, focusing on the joys and mishaps of Christmas in a small - town American family. It doesn't call for a character with the cold, controlling nature of Nurse Ratched.
I'm not sure where you got the idea of Nurse Ratched from 'A Christmas Story' as she doesn't belong in that story. 'A Christmas Story' is about a young boy's Christmas adventures, and Nurse Ratched is from a completely different narrative universe, that of the mental institution in 'One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest'.
Well, it depends on the context. But generally speaking, just 'the nurse' is a very general term. It could refer to any nurse in a wide range of stories. While 'the good nurse' is more specific. It implies that there is a particular story or concept related to a nurse who is good. For example, if there is a story specifically about a nurse who has done many great deeds, that's 'the good nurse' story. But 'the nurse' could be in a completely different story, like a horror story where the nurse is a spooky character. So, they are not the same story.
It depends on the context. If in a very limited or specific scenario where there is only one nurse being talked about and that nurse is referred to as both 'the good nurse' and simply 'the nurse', then it could be the same story. But generally speaking, 'the good nurse' gives the impression of a story focused on the nurse's good deeds or qualities, different from a more general 'the nurse' which may not have that emphasis.
The story of 'The Nurse' and 'The Good Nurse' are not the same. They may have different themes, storylines, and maybe even written by different authors. There are multiple factors that make them separate and distinct.