In a small town, a detective named Sarah was looking into the disappearance of a young girl. All the evidence pointed to a local loner who lived on the outskirts of town. Sarah went to his house to question him. There were strange noises coming from the basement. When she opened the basement door, she expected to find the girl. Instead, she found a group of puppies that the loner had been hiding from an animal control officer who wanted to euthanize them. The real kidnapper was the girl's stepmother who wanted to get rid of her for the inheritance.
Start by laying the groundwork of a seemingly normal story. Build up characters and a plot that leads readers in one direction. Then, in the final moments, introduce an unexpected twist or reveal something that completely changes the perspective.
Let's say there's a story of a woman waiting for a bus. A stranger gives her a flower and when she gets home, she discovers a hidden message inside the flower that changes her life completely. That's a short story with a surprise ending.
One characteristic is misdirection. The author often leads the reader to expect one thing throughout most of the story. For example, in 'The Gift of the Magi', the reader is following the couple's attempts to get nice gifts for each other without realizing that their efforts will be ironically thwarted. Another characteristic is the sudden revelation. In 'The Necklace', the truth about the necklace being fake comes out of nowhere at the end, completely changing the reader's perception of the story. Also, these stories usually build up tension. In 'The Cask of Amontillado', as Fortunato is led deeper into the catacombs, the sense of unease and tension grows until the final, horrible ending.
Sure. There's a story where a man is suspected of murdering his wife. All the evidence points to him. But at the end, it's revealed that the wife faked her own death to frame him and run away with her lover. The mayhem throughout the story is all about the man trying to prove his innocence while everyone believes he's guilty.
A bank was robbed in broad daylight. The robbers were masked and heavily armed. They quickly took the money and fled the scene. The police chased after them but lost track. Days passed, and the police had no leads. Then, suddenly, they received an anonymous tip about a hideout in the woods. When they raided it, they found the money but no robbers. As they were about to leave, they noticed a strange mark on the wall. It led them to the real culprit - the bank manager. He had faked the robbery to get the insurance money.
You can do it by introducing a sudden twist that the readers don't expect. Maybe have a character reveal a hidden secret or a seemingly minor detail turn out to be crucial.
They often make you think deeper. In a surprise ending story, like 'The Lottery' by Shirley Jackson, where the lottery turns out to be a brutal stoning event, it forces you to consider the hidden meanings and the darkness that can lurk beneath seemingly normal situations. It's not just about the shock, but also about the new perspectives it offers.
There is also 'An Occurrence at Owl Creek Bridge' by Ambrose Bierce. A Confederate sympathizer is about to be hanged at Owl Creek Bridge. As he is falling, he imagines escaping and making his way back home. But then, suddenly, we find out that his entire escape was just a brief hallucination in the moment before his death, which is a very surprising and somewhat cruel ending.
A surprise ending works when it's unexpected but still makes sense in the context of the story. You can create one by laying false clues or hiding important details until the end.