Sure. There are cases where a villain's origin story is rooted in misunderstanding or misinformation. Once they learn the truth about their situation, they can choose to turn away from their villainous ways. For example, if a villain thought they were avenging a wrong done to their family but later found out it was all a lie, they could decide to redeem themselves and use their skills for good instead.
Sure. Sometimes, a villain may encounter a significant event or person that makes them question their actions. This could be a new love interest, a friendship, or a moment of self - reflection. If they choose to act on this new - found awareness, they can be redeemed. For instance, Magneto in the 'X - Men' series has had moments where his villain origin story seemed to be taking a turn towards redemption as he considered the well - being of mutants in a different light.
Yes, it can. If the author goes back and does some major rewrites, fixing the writing issues, like grammar and sentence structure, it can improve. For instance, Ernest Hemingway's early works had some roughness which he later refined.
Sure. Sometimes a change in the target audience can redeem a 'doomed novel'. If the novel was originally aimed at one group but didn't work, re - targeting it to a different, more receptive group could work. Also, if it gets a really good cover design and a new blurb that better sells the story. A new and appealing cover can draw in readers who might have ignored it before.