Well, first there's Matilda's family situation where she is not given the love and attention she deserves. Then there's the school environment with the cruel Miss Trunchbull. Matilda's special power of telekinesis is a major element as it is what she uses to fight back. Also, her relationship with Miss Honey is important. Miss Honey is kind and in need of help, and Matilda uses her powers to help her and in turn, Miss Honey provides Matilda with the love and care she lacks at home.
The key elements include Matilda's intelligence, her family's neglect, Miss Trunchbull's tyranny at school, and Matilda's telekinetic powers.
One key element is Matilda's own character. She is highly intelligent and curious. Her family's behavior towards her, like ignoring her and being self - centered, is also crucial. In school, Miss Trunchbull's mean - spirited rule - making and bullying are key parts of the story. Matilda's discovery and use of telekinetic powers to stand up for herself and others, especially Miss Honey, are central to the full story. And finally, the happy ending where Matilda gets to be with Miss Honey away from her family is an important element.