You can start by looking at the setting. If it's in a far - flung future or on an alien world, it's likely science fiction. Also, check for scientific elements like advanced physics concepts or new biological discoveries. Another way is to look at the characters. If there are robots, mutants, or beings from other dimensions, it's a sign of science fiction.
Identifying the characteristics of science fiction novels can be done in several ways. One is to focus on the world - building. In science fiction, the author creates a world that is different from our own, often with different rules, technologies, and social structures. Another way is to look at the role of science. Science is not just a backdrop in science fiction but often an integral part of the story, whether it's a scientific discovery that drives the plot or a scientific theory that is being explored. Additionally, pay attention to the characters' relationships with technology. Are they using it, fighting against it, or being transformed by it? This can also be a characteristic of science fiction novels.
To identify the characteristics of science fiction novels, first consider the themes. Science fiction often deals with themes such as the impact of technology on society, the exploration of the unknown, and the evolution of humanity. Then, examine the plot. Does it involve time travel, space exploration, or the discovery of new forms of life? If so, it's probably science fiction. Also, look at the language used. Science fiction may use technical jargon or create new words to describe futuristic concepts.