One of the main themes is human nature. Swift uses Gulliver's adventures to satirize various aspects of human nature such as vanity, greed, and self - importance. For example, in the land of Lilliput, the tiny people's petty politics and power struggles are a miniature of the larger human world. Another theme is the relationship between different cultures. Gulliver encounters very different societies, which makes the reader think about how different cultures interact and judge each other.
Well, a main theme is exploration and discovery. Gulliver travels to unknown lands, which represents the human thirst for exploring the unknown. This exploration also leads to self - discovery for Gulliver. He realizes his own place in the world and the flaws in his own society. Additionally, there is the theme of the absurd. The strange and often ridiculous situations Gulliver finds himself in, like being tied up by the Lilliputians or being a plaything in Brobdingnag, serve to show the absurdity of life and human behavior.