A good beginner - friendly future political science fiction book is 'Ready Player One' by Ernest Cline. While it's mainly about a virtual reality world, there are underlying political themes such as corporate control and the power of the individual. 'Ender's Game' by Orson Scott Card is also a good choice. It has elements of military and political strategy in a future setting that are easy to follow for new readers.
I would recommend '1984'. It's a classic that is very accessible in terms of understanding the basic concepts of a totalitarian future government. Also, 'Brave New World' is good for beginners. It presents a different type of dystopia based on genetic engineering and social conditioning, and it's quite engaging.