In this fanfiction, Harry could go back and raise himself by first ensuring his own safety. He may secretly start training his younger self in combat magic much earlier. He also tries to change his own personality a bit, making himself more confident and less self - doubting. He uses his experiences from the future to make sure he forms better relationships with his friends from the start, and that he's more prepared for the challenges that Voldemort will bring.
Perhaps Harry goes back with the intention of preventing some of the traumas he endured as a child. He could start by improving his living situation at the Dursleys'. He might use his knowledge of magic to make sure he gets enough food and a proper place to study magic in secret. And as he grows up, he imparts his future wisdom on himself, like how to better handle the politics at Hogwarts and deal with Snape's hostility.
One possible plot could be that Harry uses some powerful time - turning magic to go back in time. He then has to hide his true identity from his younger self while trying to guide and raise himself. Maybe he teaches his younger self some advanced magic that he didn't learn until later in his original life, like more complex Patronus charms or advanced defensive spells.