A key aspect of writing a great 'dark gumball fanfiction' is to create a sense of unease. You can do this by changing the normal, colorful and happy world of Gumball into a more desolate and dangerous place. Change the relationships between the characters. Maybe Gumball's family starts to fall apart due to a dark secret. Plan out your story carefully so that the dark elements are not just randomly thrown in but are an integral part of the narrative. Use foreshadowing to build anticipation. For example, you could mention a strange noise early on that later turns out to be a major threat in the story.
First, think of a unique and dark concept. For example, you could twist a normal Gumball situation into something really spooky. Then, develop your characters in a way that fits the dark theme. Gumball might become more cynical or desperate. Also, use descriptive language to set the mood, like 'The shadows in Elmore seemed to have a life of their own as Gumball walked home, his heart filled with dread.'