Well, in a 'Cabin in the Woods' scary story, the cabin itself is often old and dilapidated. This gives an impression of a place that has a lot of history, maybe some bad history. There's also the factor of being cut off from the outside world. No cell phone signal, no easy way to get help. Strange occurrences are common too, like objects moving on their own. And there's always a sense of impending doom. You know that something bad is going to happen, but you don't know what or when. It keeps the reader or listener on edge. There might also be some sort of local legend associated with the cabin, which adds to the mystery and fear. For example, the story might say that a serial killer used to live there or that there are cursed grounds around the cabin.
One common element is isolation. The cabin is usually in a remote part of the woods, far from help. Another is strange noises, like creaking floors or howling winds. Darkness also plays a big role. Often, there are things that go bump in the night. And there are usually some sort of unknown entities, like ghosts or monsters. These elements create a sense of fear and unease.