To plan the structure of your first novel, think about a chronological order. If it's a story that unfolds over time, this can be a good way. But you can also use flashbacks or foreshadowing to add more depth. Consider having sub - plots that run parallel to the main plot. These can add complexity and keep the reader interested. For instance, if your main plot is about a detective solving a crime, a sub - plot could be the detective's personal relationship problems. Another important aspect is the pacing. Make sure there are moments of high tension and slower, more reflective moments.
You can start with a simple three - part structure. The beginning should introduce the characters, the setting, and the main conflict. The middle part is where the characters struggle with the conflict and face various challenges. The end is for resolving the conflict. You can also break each part into chapters. For example, in the beginning, you might have two or three chapters to set everything up.
When planning the structure of your first novel, first decide on the overall length. Is it going to be a short novella or a long epic? Based on that, you can divide it into acts, like in a play. For example, in a typical three - act structure, the first act sets up the situation, the second act is full of rising action, and the third act is the resolution. You can also use a circular structure, where the story ends where it began in a way. This can give a sense of closure. And within each section, you should have a logical flow of events, with one event leading to the next. You might also want to consider using different points of view to tell the story, which can also affect the structure.