It could be Voldemort. He might be using the Goblet's summons to get Harry into a vulnerable position during the Triwizard Tournament so that he can finally kill him.
Perhaps a jealous student who feels that Harry doesn't deserve to be in the tournament. This student could then try to sabotage Harry at every turn during the tasks, becoming the main source of trouble for him.
There's a possibility that an old, dark wizard who has been hiding in the shadows of Hogwarts for years could be the main antagonist. This wizard might see Harry as a threat to his long - planned schemes and uses the Goblet of Fire summons as a way to eliminate him. He could be secretly influencing the tournament and its tasks to make sure Harry fails in a spectacular and deadly way.
There is also a possibility that the main antagonist is the Goblet itself if it has been corrupted by some ancient dark magic. It could be summoning Harry not for a normal Tournament but to sacrifice him or use his power for some evil purpose, making the Goblet the force that Harry has to fight against.
The Goblet of Fire itself could potentially be the main antagonist in a sense. If it has a sentient or corrupted nature in the fanfic, it could be transporting Harry around against his will and causing chaos for its own mysterious reasons.
Maybe it's a character who was previously thought to be good but has been corrupted. They use the Goblet's summoning of Harry to create chaos in the wizarding world. For example, a teacher at Hogwarts who has secretly turned to the dark side. They could manipulate the events surrounding Harry's summoning to turn the students and faculty against each other, all while trying to achieve their own sinister goals.
It could be someone who wants to see Harry fail in the Triwizard Tournament. Maybe a Slytherin student who is jealous of Harry's fame. They might have found a way to manipulate the Goblet of Fire to put Harry in a difficult situation, which in turn makes Harry snap.
It could be a powerful dark wizard who has infiltrated the Ministry of Magic and manipulated the Goblet of Fire. They might want Harry out of the way to further their own dark plans.
Maybe it's a new character, a powerful dark wizard who has a vendetta against Dumbledore. By forcing Harry into the tournament, they hope to draw Dumbledore out and make him vulnerable. This new antagonist could have some dark magic at their disposal that allows them to control the Goblet's selection process.
One interesting plot in this kind of fanfiction could be that the Goblet of Fire is actually under some dark magic influence. Harry, being summoned, discovers this conspiracy. He then has to not only deal with the Triwizard Tournament tasks but also find a way to break the dark magic's hold on the Goblet. This could involve him delving deeper into ancient magic lore and seeking help from the Forbidden Forest's creatures that are often overlooked in the original story.
One possible plotline could be how Harry copes with the unexpected summons. Maybe he has to deal with the distrust of his friends who suspect him of somehow cheating the Goblet. Another could be his training in secret for the tasks, perhaps with the help of an unlikely ally.
It could be Sirius Black. He has a lot of experience in the wizarding world and, despite being on the run, he could find a way to communicate with Harry secretly. He could teach Harry about dark magic defense, which would be very useful in the tournament.
Well, perhaps in this fanfic, the Goblet of Fire might summon Harry in a different way than in the original story. Maybe it has a mind of its own and specifically targets Harry for a more dangerous and secretive task that the original Triwizard Tournament didn't include.