The loss of innocence is also a theme. Take Holden Caulfield from 'The Catcher in the Rye' (which can be considered a short - story - like novel). His experiences in the adult world shatter his illusions and lead to his sense of alienation and inner turmoil, making him a kind of tragic hero.
One common theme is the hero's fatal flaw. In many stories, like 'Macbeth', Macbeth's ambition leads him to commit heinous acts and ultimately to his downfall. This flaw within the character is often what drives the tragic events.
One common theme is loss. It could be the loss of a loved one, like in many stories where a character's family member dies suddenly. Another is unrequited love. For example, a character may love someone deeply but that love is not returned, leading to great sorrow.
In tragic short stories, the theme of isolation is quite prevalent. Characters may be isolated physically, like being in a remote place, or emotionally, such as being shunned by society or feeling misunderstood. Guilt is another common theme. A character may carry the burden of a past mistake or sin, which haunts them throughout the story and ultimately leads to their tragedy. Additionally, the theme of powerlessness is often there. The characters feel that they have no control over their lives or the events that are happening to them, and this lack of control drives them towards a tragic end.
Another theme is sacrifice. Couples may sacrifice things important to them, like in 'The Gift of the Magi', but sometimes these sacrifices lead to a sense of loss that is part of the tragic aspect. Social barriers also play a role. If a couple is from different social classes, like in some period - set stories, they may face opposition that results in a tragic end to their relationship.
Death is a recurring theme as well. In short tragic love stories, one or both of the lovers often die. This could be due to a variety of reasons such as heartbreak, like in many classic stories. It gives a sense of finality and emphasizes the tragedy of the love that could not be. Also, unrequited love can be a theme, where one person loves the other deeply but the love is not returned in the same way, leading to a tragic outcome.
One common theme is unrequited love. For example, in many fanfics, a character may be in love with another who doesn't return their feelings, and this often leads to a tragic end like the lovelorn character making a sacrifice or succumbing to despair. Another theme is the futility of fighting against fate. Characters might struggle against an inevitable outcome, like a prophecy that they can't avoid, no matter how hard they try.
Another theme is sacrifice. Heroes in short stories frequently have to give up something valuable, like their time, safety, or even their lives in the pursuit of a greater good. This is seen in stories where a hero risks everything to save their community from a disaster.
A common theme is the hero's transformation. They might start out as an ordinary person and then through a series of events in the short story, they become a true hero. Take Frodo in 'The Lord of the Rings' short stories (extracts can be considered as short stories). He starts as a simple hobbit but is transformed by the quest to destroy the Ring into a heroic figure. Also, the theme of friendship often plays a role, as heroes usually have comrades who support them on their journey.
Self - discovery is also a theme. Anti heroes are often on a journey to figure out who they are. In 'A Good Man Is Hard to Find', the Misfit is trying to come to terms with his own identity in a world that he feels has wronged him. And then there's the theme of rebellion. Anti heroes tend to rebel against the established norms and values. They don't conform, like Bartleby in 'Bartleby, the Scrivener' who rebels against the work system.
A common theme is self - discovery. The hero often embarks on the journey not fully knowing themselves, but through the experiences, they learn more about who they are. For example, a young adventurer might find out they have a hidden strength or a moral compass they were unaware of.
One common theme is the battle between good and evil. The hero represents good and tries to stop the villain who represents evil. For example, in many stories, the hero fights to protect the innocent from the villain's harm.