It could be a trainer who has a dislike for Charmander. This trainer might see Ash's new - found love for Charmander as a threat and try to undermine Ash's relationship with his Charmander. For example, this antagonist could try to steal Charmander or set up difficult battles where Charmander is at a disadvantage.
Perhaps a group of wild Pokemon that are natural enemies of Charmander. They could constantly be causing trouble for Ash and his Charmander. They might try to drive Charmander away from its usual habitats or steal its food sources. Ash, as a big fan of Charmander, would then have to fight these wild Pokemon to protect Charmander and their bond.
It could be a powerful and evil Pokemon trainer who wants to capture Ash in his new Pokemon form. This trainer might be after Ash because he believes that a human - turned - Pokemon has some special power or value.
It could be a trainer who hates Pikachu and wants to capture all of them. This would put Ash, as a Pikachu fan, in direct conflict with this trainer.
In the 'pokemon ash becomes a charmander fanfiction', it could be that Ash witnesses a Charmander perform an incredibly heroic act. For example, saving a group of Pokemon from a dangerous situation. This act of selflessness and courage makes Ash look at Charmander in a whole new light. He starts to study Charmander's behavior, training techniques specific to Charmander, and even starts collecting Charmander - related items. He becomes so obsessed that he starts to model his whole Pokemon - training approach around what he has learned from Charmander.
It could be Team Rocket. Since they always cause trouble for Ash in the original series, in this fanfic, they might see Ash's transformation into a Pokémon as an opportunity to capture him and use him for their evil plans.
Maybe a powerful and evil pokemon trainer who has a vendetta against Ash. Now that Ash is in a vulnerable pokemon form, this trainer could try to capture and control him. The trainer might have some dark motives related to using Ash's unique situation to gain power in the pokemon world.
A powerful and greedy Team Rocket member could be the main antagonist. They might be after Diancie because of its rare and valuable powers. They could try to capture Diancie and use it for their own evil purposes, like selling its powers or using it to take over the Pokemon world.
A wealthy and power - hungry trainer who wants to stop Ash from completing his Nuzlocke journey. This trainer believes that the Nuzlocke rules are too restrictive and wants to prove that his way of training Pokemon is superior.
Gary could be the main antagonist. He has always been Ash's rival and seeing Ash turn evil, he might feel responsible to stop him. Gary could gather his own team of powerful Pokémon and use his wits to oppose Ash at every turn.
It could be a jealous rival trainer. This trainer might have always been envious of Ash's popularity and the loyalty of his harem. So, they plot and scheme to turn the harem against Ash by spreading lies and creating discord among them.
It could be a rival trainer who is jealous of Ash's success and also wants to use Princess Sara for her influence. He spreads false rumors about Ash to turn the people of the princess's kingdom against him. He then tries to take over the role of the hero in the situation, but his real intentions are to gain power and wealth by any means necessary.