One possible plot could be that Dumbledore wants Harry to take on a dangerous but crucial mission earlier than in the original story. He might be desperate because he sees a dark threat approaching faster and believes only Harry has the unique power to stop it.
Perhaps Dumbledore is desperate for Harry to fully master some ancient and powerful magic. In this fanfiction, he could go to extreme lengths to train Harry privately, even against the wishes of some of the Hogwarts staff. This could lead to a rift within the school as some support Dumbledore's actions while others think he's putting too much pressure on Harry.
In the fanfiction, Dumbledore might be desperate for Harry to understand some deep secrets about his family. He could be aware of a connection between Harry's family and a powerful magical artifact. Dumbledore wants Harry to discover this connection as he believes it will help Harry in his fight against Voldemort. So he tries various ways, like showing Harry hidden memories or leading him to certain places in Hogwarts, to make Harry figure it out.
Another possibility is that the antagonist is a powerful and ancient magical being that has its own agenda. This being doesn't want Harry to reach his full potential as Dumbledore hopes because it fears that a powerful Harry could disrupt the balance it has been maintaining in the magical world for centuries. So it tries to create obstacles for Dumbledore's efforts to help Harry.
It could be that after a series of events that make Harry question his own judgment, he submits to Dumbledore's authority. For instance, if there are false prophecies or misinformation floating around that lead Harry astray. Dumbledore, with his greater experience and knowledge, helps Harry see the truth. So Harry decides to submit to Dumbledore in order to get back on the right track and protect Hogwarts and the wizarding world.
Perhaps there are safety concerns for the students that Dumbledore is not addressing adequately. Harry, having a strong sense of responsibility for his fellow students, may feel that the only way to ensure their safety is to remove Dumbledore from his position. He might believe that Dumbledore's actions or inactions are putting the students at risk, and thus he takes matters into his own hands.
Well, it could be that Harry has a different view on how to handle the war against Voldemort. Dumbledore is often very strategic and sometimes keeps things from Harry for what he believes is the greater good. But Harry might think that full transparency is necessary. Also, Harry may have formed new alliances or friendships that give him different perspectives, and these new ideas conflict with Dumbledore's. He might feel that Dumbledore's approach is too old - fashioned or risky in a new context.
Perhaps Dumbledore is being forced in this fanfiction. There could be some dark magic or powerful dark wizard threatening Hogwarts or the wizarding world. Dumbledore, in a desperate attempt to save everyone else, gives Harry to Voldemort as a sacrifice. But Harry, being the hero he is, could find a way to turn the situation around and defeat Voldemort from within his lair.
One possible plot could be that Harry discovers some hidden motives behind Dumbledore's actions. Maybe he finds out that Dumbledore was using him in a way he didn't expect, like in a grand scheme against Voldemort that put Harry in more danger than necessary. So, Harry decides to expose these plans to the wizarding world, which would cause a huge upheaval in the relationships between characters.
Well, perhaps Harry is under the influence of a dark spell that makes him lose control and lash out at Dumbledore's office. Maybe he discovers something in the office that he believes is a great betrayal by Dumbledore and in his rage, he starts to destroy things.
One possible reason could be a misunderstanding. Maybe Harry overheard something that made him think Dumbledore was planning something against him that he didn't understand. For example, if he heard Dumbledore discussing a dangerous mission for him without his full knowledge.
Well, perhaps Dumbledore has some dark secret and believes Harry is the key to it. He might kidnap Harry to keep him away from Voldemort in a very unorthodox way. Maybe he wants to train Harry in isolation for some super - powerful magic that he doesn't want Voldemort to find out about.
One possible plot could be that in a battle against a powerful dark magic, Harry accidentally casts a spell that links him to Dumbledore. As a result, he starts to experience Dumbledore's memories and emotions, which gives him new insights into the wizarding world's history and secrets.