Maybe a new, powerful and evil ninja from another land. This ninja could have come to the village and caused a lot of chaos, making Naruto believe that no one in his village was capable of protecting themselves or him. So he blames everyone for their weakness and starts to hate them all, with this new ninja being the root of the problem.
It could be Naruto himself. Since he hates everyone, his actions against the people he once cared about could make him the antagonist. He might start attacking the Hidden Leaf Village or other ninja villages, making him the main source of conflict.
The Ministry of Magic could be the main antagonist. They might be the ones who spread lies or misinformation about Harry, causing everyone to abandon him. They could be afraid of Harry's power or have some ulterior motives to get rid of him. They could use their influence and authority to turn the public against Harry, making his life a living hell as he tries to survive on his own.
Maybe it's a new character created specifically for the fanfiction. This character could be a powerful sorcerer who has the ability to manipulate people's minds. He targets Goku out of jealousy for his power and popularity. By using his mind - control powers, he makes everyone around Goku believe that he's a traitor, thus making himself the main antagonist.
Perhaps Kaguya Otsutsuki is resurrected again, but this time with a stronger will and more dangerous plans. Since Naruto was the one who played a major role in defeating her before, she targets him first in this fanfiction.
It could be a new character who has the ability to manipulate people's minds. This character could turn Naruto's friends and the villagers against him by making them believe false things about Naruto. So, this mind - manipulator would be the main antagonist as they are the cause of Naruto's heartbreak.
It could be Sasuke. If Sasuke has some ulterior motives and his actions end up pushing Naruto over the edge, Naruto could start to hate everyone including Sasuke. Maybe Sasuke betrays Naruto in a more profound way than before, causing Naruto to lose all trust.
It could be a corrupt ninja from another village who wants to get rid of Naruto as he sees him as a threat to his own plans. This ninja could have framed Naruto to send him to prison.
Another possibility is that there is no single main antagonist. It could be a combination of misunderstandings, village politics, and personal issues within Kurenai herself that lead to her betraying Naruto. For instance, the village elders might be pressuring Kurenai to keep Naruto in check, and at the same time, Kurenai has her own doubts about Naruto's power which could be misconstrued as a reason to betray him.
It could be one of the harem members who has a hidden dark side. Maybe she's jealous of Naruto's closeness to others in the harem and decides to turn the rest against him, so she becomes the main antagonist.
It could be that there is no traditional antagonist. The conflict might be internal, with Naruto's own emotions towards Kushina being the main source of drama.