Well, there are novels like '11/22/63' where the protagonist goes back in time to prevent a historical event, and the measurement of time becomes crucial to the plot. Also, 'The Time Machine' presents a unique concept of time as a physical dimension that can be traversed.
One example could be 'The Clockmaker's Daughter,' where the passing of time is intertwined with the story of a mysterious old house and its occupants. Another could be 'Slaughterhouse-Five,' where the protagonist's experience of time is disrupted by his trauma and time travel. These novels offer creative approaches to measuring time within their fictional worlds.