When analysing a short story, one key aspect is the conflict. What problems do the characters face and how do they deal with them? Also, notice the symbols and imagery used - they often add depth and meaning. And don't forget to consider the author's purpose - why did they write this story and what were they trying to achieve?
Well, start by looking at the plot - what happens and how it unfolds. Then, pay attention to the characters - their traits and development. Also, consider the theme - the main idea or message the story conveys.