No, they're not exactly the same. A narrative can be a broad term that covers various forms of storytelling, while a short story is a specific type of narrative with certain length and structure constraints.
Well, a narrative is a more general concept. It can refer to any account or telling of events. A short story, on the other hand, is a concise fictional work with a defined beginning, middle, and end.
Not really. A narrative can be long or short, fictional or non-fictional. But a short story is a fictional narrative that's relatively brief and often has a focused plot and a limited number of characters.