Where was the capital of each dynasty in ancient times?

Archaic, ancient, medieval, and ancient times usually referred to different periods of time in history. The specific time point referred to depended on the specific culture and context. - The Archaic period usually referred to the ancient period of human evolution, which was about 2000 to 200 B.C. During this time, the origin and development of human beings were not fully understood. Many cultures and legends were formed during this time. - Ancient times usually referred to the early period of geological history, which was about 200 to 10000 B.C. During this period, the Earth's geological structure had not yet formed, and the origin and evolution of humans were relatively clear. - The Middle Ages usually referred to the middle period of geological history, which was about 10000 B.C. to 5000 A.D. During this period, the Earth's geological structure gradually improved, and the origin and evolution of humans also received relatively in-depth research. - Ancient times usually referred to the late geological period, which was about 5000 to 2000 B.C. During this period, the Earth's geological structure had already taken shape, and the origin and evolution of humans were relatively clear. It is important to note that the specific definition and scope of these time periods may vary according to different disciplines, fields, cultures, and historical records.

The capital cities of the Liao Dynasty were Shangjing Linhuang Prefecture, Zhongjing Dading Prefecture, Tokyo Liaoyang Prefecture, Nanjing Xijin Prefecture, and Xijing Datong Prefecture. Shangjing Linhuang Mansion was located in Nanboluo City, Bairin Left Banner, Chifeng City, Inner Mongolia. It was the main capital of Liao Kingdom. Dading Prefecture of Zhongjing was located in Ningcheng County, Chifeng City, Inner Mongolia. Tokyo Liaoyang Prefecture is located in the current Liaoyang City, LiaoningProvince. Nanjing Xijin Prefecture is located in today's Beijing City. Datong Prefecture of Xijing is located in Datong City, Shanxi Province. The emperors of the Liao Dynasty often toured between these five capitals, reflecting their nomadic nature. Shangjing Linhuang Mansion was the main capital of Liao Kingdom, and it had a special strategic position and ruling significance.

The capital of the Song Dynasty was Kaifeng Prefecture in Tokyo.

Luoyang and Xi'an were both known as the "ancient capitals of the 13 dynasties," but there were differences in the dynasty and time when the capital was established. The 13 ancient capitals of Luoyang included the Xia, Shang, Western Zhou, Eastern Zhou, Eastern Han, Cao Wei, Western Jin, Northern Wei, Sui, Tang, Later Liang, Later Tang, and Later Jin Dynasties. Luoyang was established for a total of 1445 years. Xi'an was established during the Western Zhou Dynasty, the Qin Dynasty, the Western Han Dynasty, the Xin Dynasty (also known as the Eastern Han Dynasty), the Eastern Han Dynasty's Emperor Xian period, the Western Jin Dynasty (divided into the Emperor Min period and the Emperor Huai period), the former Zhao Dynasty, the former Qin Dynasty, the later Qin Dynasty, the Western Wei Dynasty, the Northern Zhou Dynasty, the Sui Dynasty, and the Tang Dynasty. There were a total of thirteen dynasties. Therefore, based on the information provided, it was impossible to determine which city between Luoyang and Xi'an was the real "ancient capital of the 13 dynasties."

Kyoto was the capital of the Heian period (794 - 1192) and the Shogunate period (1192 - 1868).

The Jin Dynasty moved the capital to Yanjing in today's Beijing. On April 21, 1153, King Wanyan Liang of the Hailing Kingdom of the Jin Dynasty moved the capital of the Jin Dynasty from Shangjing (now Acheng, Haerbin, Heilong Province) to Yanjing (now Beijing) and named it Zhongdu. This move marked the beginning of a new era in which Beijing became the capital of the Jin Dynasty.

The capital of the Southern Song Dynasty was in Lin 'an (now Hangzhou). After the Northern Song Dynasty was destroyed by the Jin Dynasty, Zhao Gou rebuilt the Song Dynasty in Lin 'an and became the capital of the Southern Song Dynasty. Lin 'an was the capital of the Southern Song Dynasty, while Kaifeng was the capital of the Northern Song Dynasty. After the Southern Song Dynasty was established in Lin 'an Prefecture, it experienced a period of prosperity and rule until the Yuan Dynasty captured Lin' an in 1276, and the Southern Song Dynasty was completely destroyed.

The capital of the Southern Song Dynasty was in Lin 'an (now Hangzhou).

The capital of the Southern Song Dynasty was in Lin 'an (now Hangzhou).

The capital of the Southern Tang Dynasty was originally in Jinling (now Nanjing), and later moved to Hongzhou (now Nanchang). The rulers of the Southern Tang Dynasty thought that they were the successors of the Tang Dynasty, so they tried their best to imitate the establishment of the Tang Dynasty in the local administrative system. When Xu Wen was in charge of Yang Wu, he took Shengzhou (Jinling) as his future ruling center and began to painstakingly manage Jinling. First, he set up the Jinling Prefecture in Shangyuan County of Shengzhou, which became the western capital of Yang Wu. After the establishment of the Southern Tang Dynasty, he changed the Jinling Prefecture to Jiangning Prefecture, still calling Jinling the western capital. In the sixth year of Xiande of the Later Zhou Dynasty (959), Hongzhou became the southern capital. A year later, the capital was moved here. However, due to the opposition of everyone, they moved back to Jinling soon after. Therefore, the capital of the Southern Tang Dynasty was once in Jinling (Nanjing) and Hongzhou (Nanchang).