Official system of the Qing Dynasty

The official register of the Qing Dynasty included nine grades and eighteen levels of official positions, which were divided into central official positions and local official positions. The central officials were divided into three categories: the central department, the assistant department, and the imperial department, including the cabinet, the military and political affairs department, the six departments, the imperial censorate, the supreme court, the ruling court, the imperial academy, the general administration department, the imperial college, the imperial celestial department, the imperial clan office, the internal affairs office, the Zhan Shi office, the Taichang Temple, the Guanglu Temple, the Taipu Temple, the Honglu Temple, and the Imperial Hospital. Local officials were divided into two categories: civil officials and military officers, including governors, governors, generals, prefects, prefects, Tongzhi, Tongpan, magistrate, county magistrate, and main book. However, the given search results did not provide the specific content of the Qing Dynasty official roster.

The official ranking system of the Ming Dynasty was divided according to the official's rank, which was divided into nine grades and eighteen grades. The ninth grade system was based on the ranking of officials. The first grade was the highest and the ninth grade was the lowest. Level 18 was the actual salary level of an official, corresponding to the ninth level. The promotion and treatment of officials were based on this hierarchy. The official ranks of the Ming Dynasty included three dukes, three orphans, governor, prefect, and governor. The three dukes and three orphans were the official titles given by the emperor to the ministers, and they had no actual jurisdiction. The governor was a local chief executive, equivalent to the current provincial chief executive. His rank was the second grade or the second grade. The prefect was the chief executive of a region, equivalent to the current chief executive of a prefecture-level city. His rank was the fourth grade or the fourth grade. A Zhizhou was a local chief executive, equivalent to the current chief executive of a county-level city. Its rank was either the sixth grade or the sixth grade. The promotion and treatment of officials in the Ming Dynasty also needed to go through recommendation and selection. The recommendation was recommended by higher-ups or other people with power to promote officials. The selection was based on the performance and ability of officials to select officials for promotion. Officials of different ranks and levels had different responsibilities and powers. First-rank officials were high-ranking officials in the imperial court and had important decision-making power and leadership abilities. Second-rank and third-rank officials were middle-ranking officials in the imperial court and were responsible for specific government affairs and administrative management. Fourth-rank to sixth-rank officials were low-ranking officials in the imperial court and were responsible for grassroots administrative management and social stability. Seventh-rank to ninth-rank officials were grassroots workers in the imperial court and were responsible for grassroots administrative management and social services.

The official seal system of the Jin Dynasty was an official seal system during the Jin Dynasty. The shape and production method of the official seal of the Jin Dynasty were similar to those of the previous generation, but there were some improvements in some aspects. The official seal of the Jin Dynasty was generally square in shape, and the seal button was in the shape of a echelon column. The upper end was engraved with the word "Shang" to indicate the direction of the seal. The official seal mostly used the nine-fold seal script, the strokes turned into square folds, and most of the words were arranged in parallel. On the back of the official seal, there were Shao Fu Jian, the Ministry of Rites, the Ministry of Rites of the Imperial Palace, the Ministry of Rites of each state, the various roads, the government, and the state. The casting and printing were independent, and the unified shape was difficult to continue. In the official seals of the Jin Dynasty, some began to show numbers, which might be related to the increase in the number of seals. However, the specific size and system details of the official seal of the Jin Dynasty still needed further study.

The officials of the Ministry of Civil Affairs of the Qing Dynasty were mainly responsible for the selection and promotion of civil servants. The Ministry of Personnel Affairs had relatively greater power. It was a department that specialized in managing personnel appointments and dismissals, similar to the current Central Organization Department. The position of the Ministry of Personnel was the highest among the six departments, and it held the power to appoint and dismiss middle and lower level officials. The Ministry of Personnel used a monthly selection system to select different types of candidates. They were classified according to the situation of the officials, including the types of removal, replacement, transfer, change, promotion, and so on. The appointment system of officials in the Qing Dynasty was relatively complicated. Whether it was the new Jinshi or the promotion of in-service personnel, they had to go through the selection process of the Ministry of Civil Affairs. There was a division of power between the Ministry of Personnel and the provincial governors. The officials nominated by the provincial governors also had to go through the qualifications of the Ministry of Personnel and go through the corresponding procedures. In general, the officials of the Ministry of Civil Affairs of the Qing Dynasty played an important role in the selection and promotion of officials.

The official history books of the Qing Dynasty mainly included the Manuscript of the Qing Dynasty and the unofficial history of the Qing Dynasty. The Manuscript of Qing History was an official history compiled by the Qing government and one of the most important official histories in Chinese history. The book was compiled by the Qing Dynasty officials Chen Qiaoyi and others in 1899. It included the emperors, prime ministers, imperial clan, ministers, and important events of the Qing Dynasty. The concise writing style and accurate content of the book were regarded as classic works in the history of ancient China. " Unofficial History of the Qing Dynasty " was a collection of novels and folktales from the Qing Dynasty. Some of them were even fictional. However, due to the social stability of the Qing Dynasty, these unofficial historical novels often became cultural symbols in people's lives at that time, so they were also considered a part of the official history of the Qing Dynasty. These two books are very important. Understanding them can help you better understand the history and culture of the Qing Dynasty.

The official positions of the Ministry of Civil Affairs in the Qing Dynasty included Shangshu, Shilang, Zhongshi, Yuanwailang, etc. Among them, Shangshu was the highest official of the Ministry of Personnel, and his administrative rank was from the first grade; Shilang was the deputy chief executive, and his administrative rank was the second grade; Doctor was the main leader of each department, and his administrative rank was the fifth grade; Yuanwailang was the deputy leader, and his administrative rank was from the fifth grade. The function of the Ministry of Personnel was to manage the appointment, removal, and assessment of civil officials.

The author of Yuewei Cottage Notes was Ji Yun, a novelist, poet, essayist, and writer of the Qing Dynasty (1830 - 1909).

😋This wuxia fantasy novel tells the story of the protagonist who accidentally obtained the divine artifact "God's Library". When he transmigrated to the Qing Dynasty, he used his wisdom and ability to earn a large amount of silver and finally became the Supreme One. The protagonist arrived in the Qing Dynasty with nothing, but with his own ability and courage, he successfully earned millions of taels of silver in a short period of time, and then began a series of adventures and stories. I hope you like this fairy's recommendation. Muah ~😗

The differences between the tax system of the Ming Dynasty and the early Qing Dynasty were mainly reflected in the following aspects: 1. Type of tax: The difference between the tax system of the Ming Dynasty and the early Qing Dynasty was very obvious. The main taxes in the Ming Dynasty included land service, tax, tea salt tax, mine tax, and profit tax. These taxes were mainly applicable to land, mineral resources, industry and commerce. In the early Qing Dynasty, with the continuous improvement of the feudal system, some feudal taxes such as customs duties, feudal land tax and head tax were added to the tax system. These taxes were mainly applicable to the feudal field. 2. The tax rate level: The difference between the tax rate level of the Ming Dynasty and the early Qing Dynasty was also very large. During the Ming Dynasty, the tax rate was more flexible, and the relationship between the high and low tax rates and the types of taxes was more chaotic. Moreover, some tax rates were extremely low or even completely exempted. In the early Qing Dynasty, the tax rate system was relatively strict and the tax rate level was relatively stable. Some important tax rates were higher, such as customs duties and feudal land taxes. 3. The scope of taxation: The difference between the scope of taxation in the Ming Dynasty and the early Qing Dynasty was also very obvious. During the Ming Dynasty, the scope of taxation was mainly limited to the feudal realm, and there were fewer taxes on commerce and industry. In the early Qing Dynasty, with the gradual stability of the Qing Dynasty and the continuous improvement of the feudal system, the taxes on commerce and industry gradually increased, and at the same time, some taxes targeted at the feudal field were also increased. There were obvious differences between the tax system of the Ming Dynasty and the early Qing Dynasty in terms of tax types, tax rates, and tax ranges. These differences reflected the evolution and changes of the tax system under the social, political, economic, and cultural backgrounds of different historical periods.

The female lead in Dream of the Qing Dynasty had never appeared in official history. This novel was based on the history of the Qing Dynasty, with some fictional characters and plots. If you want to understand the history of the Qing Dynasty, it is recommended to consult relevant official historical materials.