Which dynasty did the Ming Tombs in Beijing belong to?

The Ming Tombs include Changling, Xianling, Jingling, Yuling, Maoling, Tailing, Kangling, Yongling, Zhaoling, Dingling, Qingling, Deling and Siling.

The Ming Tombs were the tombs of the 13 emperors of the Ming Dynasty. They were located at the foot of the Yanshan Mountain in the Changping District of Beijing. The Ming Tombs include Dingling, Changling, Zhaoling, Kangling, Jingling, Xianling, Yuling, Maoling, Tailing, Yongling, Qingling, Deling and Siling. Among them, Ding Mausoleum was the only mausoleum with an open underground palace. The other mausoleums could be seen from the outside, but the doors were tightly shut and no one could enter.

The Ming tombs include Changling, Xianling, Jingling, Yuling, Maoling, Tailing, Kangling, Yongling, Zhaoling, Dingling, Qingling, Deling and Siling.

Two of the Ming Tombs had been robbed. One was the Ming Dingling Mausoleum of Emperor Wanli Zhu Yijun, which was destroyed after archaeological excavation. The other was the Ming Si Mausoleum of Emperor Chongzhen Zhu Youjian, which had been dug up and destroyed many times. Other than that, most of the tombs had not been stolen or excavated. As for the imperial mausoleums of the Qing Dynasty, almost all the underground palaces of the Qing Eastern Mausoleum had been opened. The Qing Western Mausoleum was better preserved than the three mausoleums outside the Pass, but the Chongling Mausoleum of Guangxu had also been dug up. The situation in the other mausoleums was not mentioned.

Currently, the Ming Tombs opened to the public are Changling, Dingling, Zhaoling and Kangling.

The Ming Tombs were the tombs of 13 emperors of the Ming Dynasty. They were located at the foot of Tianshou Mountain in the northern Changping District Beijing City. Among them, Dingling was the tomb where Emperor Wanli and his two empresses were buried together. The Dingling Underground Palace was the only open underground palace in the Ming Tombs. It preserved the sarcophagi of Emperor Chengzu and the Empress, as well as some daily necessities and sacrificial items. The walls of the underground palace of the Dingling Mausoleum were engraved with patterns of dragons, phoenixes, and clouds, symbolizing the nobility and power of the royal family. The Ming Tombs were the largest existing imperial mausoleum complex in China and even the world, with the largest number of mausoleums of emperors and empresses. It was announced by the State Council as the first batch of key cultural relics to be protected in the country.

The Ming Dingling Mausoleum was the tomb of the 13th Emperor of the Ming Dynasty, Shenzong Zhu Yijun, and Empress Xiaoduan and Empress Xiaojing. It was located at the eastern foot of Dayu Mountain in Changping District, Beijing City. It was built in 1584 and took six years to complete. The general layout of the Ming Dingling Mausoleum's ground buildings was circular in front and back, which contained the symbolic meaning of the ancient Chinese philosophical concept of "round sky and square earth". The cemetery covered an area of 180,000 square meters, including a wide courtyard, a tall treasure city, and three white marble stone bridges. The Ding Tomb was one of the three largest mausoleums of the Ming Dynasty. From 1956 to 1958, archaeological excavation was carried out. It is the only imperial tomb of the Ming Dynasty that has been excavated so far. The underground palace of Dingling Mausoleum was also open for tourists to visit.

The reason why there were only the Ming Tombs among the 16 emperors of the Ming Dynasty was because three of them were not buried in the Ming Tombs in Beijing. As the founding emperor of the Ming Dynasty, Zhu Yuanzhang's tomb was located in the Ming Xiao Tomb in Nanjing. Because the capital of the Ming Dynasty was in Nanjing, he was not buried in the Ming Tombs in Beijing. Emperor Jianwen Zhu Yunwen was overthrown by his uncle Zhu Di and his whereabouts were unknown, so he was not buried in the Ming Tombs. In addition, because his brother, Emperor Yingzong, did not recognize him as the emperor after the restoration, Emperor Zhu Qiyu of the Ming Dynasty destroyed the tomb he built on Tianshou Mountain and buried him in Jingtai Tomb in the western suburbs of Beijing as a prince. Therefore, the other three emperors of the Ming Dynasty were not buried in the Ming Tombs.

The Ming Tombs opened to the public were Dingling, Changling, Zhaoling, and Shendao.

The work that didn't belong to the Ming Dynasty was 'Dream of the Red Chamber'. The author was Cao Xueqin from the Qing Dynasty.