It briefly outlines the efforts made by the Chinese people in resisting foreign aggression and defending national sovereignty in the Ming Dynasty and the early Qing Dynasty.

During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the Chinese people fought bravely against foreign invaders, including the Dutch invaders and the foreign powers. The story of the Dutch resistance against the invaders took place in the early Ming Dynasty, when the Dutch colonists seized control of China's coastal areas through maritime trade and began to invade China's territory and people. The Ming government took active measures to organize a fleet to fight back and finally defeated the Dutch invaders and recovered their lost land. The story of resisting the invasion of the great powers happened in the early Qing Dynasty, when the great powers invaded China through force and trade, bringing great disasters to China. The Qing government adopted a passive strategy to resist the invasion of the big powers. However, the Chinese people did not give up. They organized many anti-aggression wars and finally defeated the foreign powers to maintain China's sovereignty and territorial integrity. These stories showed the determination and courage of the Chinese people in the face of national interests and proved the victory of the Chinese people in the face of foreign aggression.

The social crises of the Ming Dynasty and the early Qing Dynasty included but were not limited to the following aspects: 1. Mass uprisings and uprisings: In the early and middle stages of the Ming Dynasty, social contradictions intensified and mass uprisings and uprisings occurred from time to time. For example, the Battle of Jingnan in the early Ming Dynasty was a famous popular uprising. In the middle of the Ming Dynasty, the Yellow Turban Uprising and other peasant uprisings also caused a great impact on social order. 2. economic decline: the Ming Dynasty and the early Qing Dynasty fell into a long-term economic decline due to war and natural disasters. This led to a decline in productivity and social instability. 3. Class contradictions: In the Ming Dynasty and the early Qing Dynasty, due to the increasingly sharp contradictions between the feudal ruling class and the peasant class, social class contradictions were also very prominent. 4. Political corruption: During the Ming and early Qing Dynasties, political corruption was very common. The corruption and abuse of power by officials led to a decline in the credibility of the government and intensified social conflicts. 5. Invasion of foreign enemies: The Ming Dynasty and the early Qing Dynasty were invaded by foreign enemies such as Japan, the Netherlands, Portugal, etc., which caused great damage to the country and aggravated domestic social contradictions.

The late Ming Dynasty and the early Qing Dynasty were two periods that could be listed with reference to the following characteristics: Late Ming Dynasty: - This period usually referred to the period from the end of the 16th century to the beginning of the 17th century, which was the period after the fall of the Ming Dynasty. - The politics, economy, and culture of this period had undergone many changes. - The representative works of this period included novels such as Dream of the Red Chamber and Water Margins. - The important figures of this period included Lin Daiyu, Jia Baoyu, and so on. Early Qing Dynasty: - This period usually referred to the early period after the establishment of the Qing Dynasty, that is, the early 17th century. - The politics, economy, and culture of this period had undergone many changes. - The representative works of this period included novels such as Journey to the West and Romance of the Three Kingdoms. - The important figures of this period included Liu Bei, Guan Yu, and others. It should be noted that the above list only represents personal opinions and does not represent historical facts.

What were the outstanding scientists in the Qing Dynasty and the early Ming Dynasty? The Qing Dynasty and the early Ming Dynasty were a very important period in Chinese history. During this period, many outstanding scientists and philosophers appeared. The following are some famous scientists from the Qing Dynasty and the early Ming Dynasty and their main works: Newton of the Qing Dynasty: Newton was a famous British scientist and mathematician. He made important contributions in the fields of physics, mechanics, and astronomy. His works include Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy and Bible Studies. 2. Xu Xiake of the Ming Dynasty: Xu Xiake was a famous explorer and scientist in China. He traveled all over the world and made important contributions to geography, geography, biology and other fields. His works include Xu Xiake's Travels and Xu Xiake's Talks on Art, etc. Zheng He of the Qing Dynasty: Zheng He was a famous Chinese navigator and scientist. He traveled all over the world and made important contributions to geography, astronomy, navigation and other fields. His works included the Illustrated Records of the Sea and the General Records of Voyage. Lang Maoshan of the Ming Dynasty: Lang Maoshan was a famous physicist and mathematician in China. He proposed the "Lang Maoshan Formula" and "Lang Maoshan-Wu Dabo Formula" and participated in solving the "Three Laws of Movement" in Newton's mechanics. His works include The Laws of Physics and Principles of Physics. Franklin of the Qing Dynasty: Franklin was a famous scientist and inventor in the United States. He invented many important inventions such as lightning rods, light bulbs, thermometers, etc. His works include the Declaration of Independent and the autobiography of Franklin. These scientists had made important contributions in their respective fields, and their ideas and results had a profound impact on future generations.

I can't provide information about the novels about the attack on Ming Dynasty in the early Qing Dynasty because such novels usually don't conform to historical facts. In Chinese history, the Qing Dynasty and the Ming Dynasty were hostile governments. There were many wars and conflicts between them. In fact, the Qing Dynasty did not attempt to attack the Ming Dynasty in the early 17th century. Instead, they adopted a strategy of attack and conquest in the face of the Ming Dynasty's resistance and resistance. These novels may make up some historical events and characters, but they usually don't take into account historical background and real-life conditions, so they can be misleading and confusing.

During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the Chinese people had a series of practical struggles to resist foreign aggression. The most famous one was during the Onion War, when China sent representatives to the United Kingdom to sue for peace. However, the United Kingdom was unwilling to give up the goal of invading China, so they launched a war of aggression against China. In this war, the Chinese people carried out a tenacious resistance, and many national heroes such as Lin Zexu and Wei Yuan emerged. The Opium War was an important event in modern Chinese history, and it was also an example of the Chinese people's resistance to foreign aggression. In this war, the Chinese people showed a tenacious spirit of resistance and fought for the interests of the country and the people. These heroes have also left us immortal achievements and historical legacies. Their spirit will continue to inspire us and keep us moving forward.

In the early Ming Dynasty, the living conditions of the people varied according to the region, wealth, and time. However, in general, the economic level of China in the early Ming Dynasty was relatively high, and the society was relatively stable. The living standards of the people were relatively good. In the early Ming Dynasty, the Jiangnan area had a relatively fast economic development and a high standard of living, while the northern area was relatively backward. At the same time, there were also large differences in the level of wealth in different regions. Rich villages and cities lived relatively luxurious lives, while poor areas lived relatively hard lives. In terms of time, the early Ming Dynasty was a relatively peaceful period, and the society was relatively stable. The government also took a series of measures to promote economic development and the improvement of people's living standards. In addition, science and technology, culture and art in the early Ming Dynasty also made certain achievements. The introduction and development of printing, paper-making, compass and other technologies promoted the prosperity of culture and art. The living standards of the people in the early Ming Dynasty were relatively good, but there were still some differences in the living standards of different regions and periods.

From the Ming Dynasty to the early Qing Dynasty, many changes occurred in the West. The following are some of them: The industrial revolution began in the middle of the 18th century and gradually spread to Europe, which had a profound impact on Western society. 2 The colonial countries such as Portugal, Spain, and the Netherlands gradually invaded Africa and South America and established many colonies, which had a huge impact on the local society. 3. The gradual decline of the European autocratic system, the gradual rise of the democratic system and the democratic system, had an important impact on the Western political system. The development of natural sciences, such as astronomy, geography, mathematics, physics, chemistry and other fields, gradually made great progress, which had a profound impact on human society. The changes in social systems and cultures, such as the British Constitution, the French democratic politics, and the Italian Renaissance, had a profound impact on Western society. These changes had an important impact on the history from the Ming Dynasty to the early Qing Dynasty, and also made the western society gradually embark on the road of modernisation.

The Ming Dynasty and the early Qing Dynasty were important periods in the history of Chinese literature and also the prosperous period of novel creation. The following is a brief summary of the main achievements of the Ming and early Qing novels: The achievements of Ming Dynasty novels: 1 Water Margins: Water Margins was one of the most famous novels of the Ming Dynasty. It described the story of the peasant uprising in the Song Dynasty and was hailed as a classic of ancient Chinese novels. " Dream of the Red Chamber ":" Dream of the Red Chamber " was a long novel written by Cao Xueqin, a novelist from the Qing Dynasty. It described the love story of Jia Baoyu, Lin Daiyu, and others. It was hailed as a masterpiece in the history of Chinese literature. Strange Tales from a Chinese Studio: Strange Tales from a Chinese Studio is a collection of short stories written by Pu Songling, a novelist of the Qing Dynasty. It contains many stories of immortals and ghosts and is regarded as a treasure of ancient Chinese novels. 4 Journey to the West: Journey to the West was a novel written by the Tang Dynasty novelist Wu Chengen. It described the story of Sun Wukong and others who went to the West to obtain scriptures. It was hailed as one of the four great masterpieces in the history of Chinese literature. The achievements of Qing Dynasty novels: Dream of the Red Chamber: A novel written by Cao Xueqin from the Qing Dynasty. It described the love story of Jia Baoyu, Lin Daiyu and others. It was hailed as a classic in the history of Chinese literature. " Water Margins ":" Water Margins " was a long novel written by the Ming Dynasty novelist Shi Naian. It described the story of the peasant uprising in the Song Dynasty and was hailed as a classic of ancient Chinese novels. 3 Journey to the West: Journey to the West was a novel written by the Tang Dynasty novelist Wu Chengen. It described the story of Sun Wukong and others who went to the West to obtain scriptures. It was hailed as one of the four great masterpieces in the history of Chinese literature. 4. The Scholars: The Scholars was a satirical novel written by Wu Jingzi, a novelist of the Qing Dynasty. It described various political figures and absurd events in the background of the scholars 'culture and the politics of the Qing Dynasty.

The Ming Dynasty was a dynasty in the history of China. It was founded in 1368 and ended in 1644. During the Ming Dynasty, there were many outstanding figures, including politicians, military strategists, writers, and so on. There were many famous figures in the Ming Dynasty, some of which included: 1 Zhu Yuanzhang: The founding emperor of the Ming Dynasty was known as the Founding Father. Zhu Di: The third emperor of the Ming Dynasty was known as the victor of the Battle of Jingnan. 3 Zhu Di Zhu Di: The second emperor of the Ming Dynasty was called Emperor Yongle. 4. Huang Zicheng: The famous representative works of Ming Dynasty writers include Preface to the Pavilion of King Teng. 5. Yang Shen: The representative works of famous writers in the Ming Dynasty include the Collection of Ascending Temple. 6. Yan Song: The politicians and writers of the Ming Dynasty were known as "the best literature of the Ming Dynasty." 7 Lu Xiangsheng: A famous general and politician of the Ming Dynasty. He was known as the " Tiger Mighty Man ". 8. Wen Zhengming: The representative works of famous writers in the Ming Dynasty include the Collection of Wen Zhengming. 9. Gu Yanwu: A famous politician and ideologist of the Ming Dynasty. He was known as the " Founding Master for All Ages ". 10 Zheng He: A famous navigator and politician of the Ming Dynasty had once brought back many cultural relics and specialties from his seven voyages to the West. In addition to the above figures, there were many other outstanding figures in the Ming Dynasty, such as Xu Xiake, Yuan Hongdao, Yuan Mei, etc. During the Ming Dynasty, there were many outstanding politicians, strategists, and writers. Their thoughts and works had a profound impact on Chinese history.