War and Peace was a long novel by Tolstoy from Russia and was hailed as a classic in the history of world literature. Through telling the vivid story of a day during the war, the novel shows the cruelty of war and the complexity of human nature. At the same time, it also shows the author's deep insight and thinking about human nature. The novel's plot was compact and the characters were rich. It portrayed many characters with distinct personalities. The novel takes the war as the background, and through the description of different countries and different ethnic groups, it shows the great disaster and impact of the war on mankind, and also reveals the political, economic, cultural and other factors behind the war. The theme of War and Peace deeply expressed the discussion of human nature, morality, freedom and other values. Through the story of the protagonist, Napoleon Bonaparte, the novel expressed the author's praise for human nature and his yearning for freedom, equality and peace. At the same time, he also called on people to adhere to morality and ethics to maintain peace and stability in the face of war and conflict. To sum up, War and Peace, as an outstanding novel, not only has high artistic value in literature, but also has profound social significance and value, which has a profound impact on the development of human society.