Literature was an art form created by humans to express the author's thoughts, emotions, and values through words. Literature works could include novels, poems, essays, plays, movies, and other forms. High culture and popular culture were two different concepts. Elegant culture usually referred to a culture that pursued nobility and elegance. It focused on cultural taste, aesthetic value, and artistic value. Mass culture, on the other hand, referred to a culture that was open to the public, sought to be easy to understand, and paid attention to economic benefits. Literature works had different ways of expression in different social and cultural backgrounds. High culture may receive different recognition and recognition in different societies, while popular culture may receive different rejection and restrictions in different societies. A PDF-file is an electronic document format commonly used to store various documents, images, tables, and presentation content.