The literature of the late Tang Dynasty and the literature of the prosperous Tang Dynasty were both outstanding periods in the history of Chinese literature, but there were obvious differences in literary style and literary content between the two. The late Tang literature referred to the late Tang Dynasty from the middle of the 8th century to the middle of the 9th century. The literature of this period presented a deep, introverted, and implicit style. The literary content mainly involved politics, history, religion, and other aspects. At the same time, it also involved love, life philosophy, morality, and other issues. During this period, the language of literary works was concise, implicit, and focused on emotional expression and inner experience. They often used rhetoric techniques such as symbolism, metaphor, and antithesis. In contrast, the literature of the prosperous Tang Dynasty referred to the Tang Dynasty from the middle of the 7th century to the middle of the 8th century. The literature of this period presented a bold, unrestrained, and magnificent style. The content of the literature mainly involved politics, war, history, mythology, and other aspects. At the same time, it also involved love, life philosophy, morality, and other issues. In this period, the language of literary works was gorgeous, fluent, and focused on expressing the image, vivid, and specific details. Rhetoric techniques such as metaphor, exaggeration, and contrast were often used. Therefore, there were obvious differences between the literature of the late Tang Dynasty and the literature of the prosperous Tang Dynasty in terms of literary style and content. The literature of the late Tang Dynasty paid more attention to emotional expression and inner experience, emphasizing implicit and symbolic rhetoric techniques, while the literature of the prosperous Tang Dynasty paid more attention to image, vivid and concrete performance, emphasizing bold, unrestrained and contrast rhetoric techniques.