Calvino was considered the greatest Italian of the 20th century. His literary ideas mainly involved the following aspects: Realism: Calvino advocated that literary works should reflect the real world as much as possible. He believed that realism was the basic form of literature. Many of his novels involved social reality, historical events, human psychology and other subjects to show his concern for society and thinking about human beings. 2. Diologism: Calvino believed that dialogue was an important form of literature and should show the dialogue and communication between characters as much as possible. Many of his novels explored the complex emotions and thoughts of the human heart through the dialogue between characters to show their thoughts and emotions. Romanticism: Calvino also advocated that literary works should show the style and atmosphere of romanticism. Some of his novels, such as One Hundred Years of Solitude and Divine Comedy, used imaginative scenes, mythical narrations, and beautiful language to express the romantic style. 4. Multi-culture: Calvino also advocated that literature should reflect the differences and connections between different cultures. Many of his novels involved characters and plots from different cultures to explore the variety and tolerance of human beings. Calvino's literary proposition was to explore the complex emotions and thoughts of the human heart, and to show the variety and complexity of the real world through literary works, so as to inspire people's thinking and emotional resonance.