Dou E Yuan was a novel that reflected the legal system of ancient China. It described a woman who was sentenced to death because she had reported someone else's criminal behavior. It expressed the author's dissatisfaction and doubts about the ancient legal system. This story reflected the serious unfairness and irrationality of the legal system in ancient Chinese society, especially when it came to dealing with crimes, it was too cold and merciless, lacking human care. Although the woman in the story, Dou E, was sentenced to death for her righteous act, she was treated humanely outside the legal process and even had her death sentence reduced. This expressed the author's criticism of the ancient legal system. Dou E's injustice also reflected some social problems in ancient Chinese society, such as the influence of Confucianism, the lack of social justice, and the division and injustice between social classes. Through this story, the author tries to explore and reflect these social problems and arouse people's attention and thinking about these problems.