The peak of the development of ancient Chinese literature was in the Tang Dynasty (618 - 907) and the Song Dynasty (960 - 1279). In the Tang Dynasty, poetry, prose, novels, and other literary forms reached their peak, and many great poets, essayists, and novelists appeared. The poems of the Tang Dynasty were regarded as one of the treasures of ancient Chinese literature because of their superb artistic expression and profound ideology. In the Song Dynasty, the literary forms were more diverse and the development of novels was very prosperous. The works of novelists from the Song Dynasty, such as Water Margins and Journey to the West, became classics in the history of ancient Chinese literature. At the same time, the prose, poetry and other literary forms of the Song Dynasty also had their own characteristics to show the broad and profound literature of the Song Dynasty. Generally speaking, ancient Chinese literature reached its peak in the Tang Dynasty and Song Dynasty, leaving behind many immortal literary classics that had a profound impact on the development of literature in later generations.
The peak of the development of ancient Chinese literature was during the Ming and Qing Dynasties, when there were many outstanding writers and cultural celebrities, such as the Qing Dynasty like shakespeare and the Tang Dynasty poets like Li Bai and Du Fu. Their works not only reached the peak of literature, but also had a far-reaching impact on culture, art, thought and so on. In addition, the literary schools and works of the Ming and Qing Dynasties were also very colorful, such as the graceful and restrained school, the bold and unconstrained school, the landscape and rural school, and so on.
The development of ancient Chinese literature had the following characteristics: 1. Long history: The ancient Chinese literature has a long history, which can be traced back to the pre-Qin period. It formed an ideology and culture system with Confucianism, Taoism, Mohism and other schools of thought as the core. At the same time, it also produced a number of excellent literary works such as The Book of Songs, The Songs of Chu, The Analects of Confucius, Tao Te Ching, etc. 2. Focus on realism: Ancient Chinese literature emphasized realism in its creation and emphasized on reflecting real life. For example, the description in Water Margins revealed the ugliness and evil of human nature by describing the dark reality of Song Dynasty society. 3. Rich narration: The narration of ancient Chinese literature covers history, legends, myths, legends, novels and many other types. For example,"Dream of the Red Chamber","Journey to the West","Water Margins" and other novels are all classic works of ancient Chinese literature. 4. Poem Prevailing: Ancient Chinese literature was mainly composed of poems. There were various forms of poetry, such as narrative poems, lyric poems, idyllic poems, etc. For example, the works of Li Bai, Du Fu, Bai Juyi and other poets of the Tang Dynasty were still widely praised today. 5. Profound literary tradition: Ancient Chinese literature has a profound literary tradition, forming a unique literary style and language style, such as Tang poetry of the Tang Dynasty, Song Ci of the Song Dynasty, etc. These works are still praised and appreciated by people today.
The development of ancient Chinese literary forms had gone through a long process. The following are some of the important stages and forms: Pre-Qin period (1046 - 221 B.C.): The Book of Songs, Chu Ci, and Han Yuefu were the representative literary forms of the Pre-Qin period. The Book of Songs was the earliest collection of poems in ancient China. It contained thousands of poems. The Songs of Chu was written by Qu Yuan, a poet of the State of Chu during the Warring States Period. The Han Yuefu was an official form of poetry created by the Han Dynasty government. It mainly included some works from the Book of Songs, as well as some folk songs and small poems from the Han Dynasty. 2. Han Dynasty (206 B.C. to 220 A.D.): The main literary forms of the Han Dynasty were "Nineteen Ancient Poems","Yuefu Za Qu","Rap Art", etc. "Nineteen Ancient Poems" was a poem created by Zhang Heng, a poet of the Han Dynasty. It was famous for its fresh, natural, and lyrical style. "Yuefu Za Qu" was a song and dance poem created by the government during the Han Dynasty. It mainly included some court dances and Yuefu folk songs. The Art of Rap and Singing was a form of literature in the Han Dynasty. It was a way to tell stories and poems with humor and beautiful language. 3. The Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties (220 - 589 AD): The Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties was the climax of the development of ancient Chinese literature, and many excellent literary works appeared. Wen Xuan, Wen Zi, and The Analects of Confucius were the representative literary works of the Wei, Jin, and Southern and Northern Dynasties. Wenxuan was an important pioneer of the ancient prose movement in the Tang Dynasty. It collected a large number of poems and essays from the Wei, Jin, and Southern and Northern Dynasties. Wenzi was the earliest philosophical work in ancient China that put forward the idea of the unity of heaven and man. The Analects of Confucius was one of the most important classics in ancient China. It reflected the core ideas of Confucianism during the Spring and Autumn Period. 4 Tang, Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties (618 - 1911 AD): The Tang, Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties were the low point of the development of ancient Chinese literature and one of the most glorious periods in the history of Chinese literature. The literary works of the Tang and Song Dynasties were mainly poems, such as the works of famous poets such as Li Bai, Du Fu, and Bai Juyi. The literary works of the Yuan, Ming, and Qing Dynasties were mainly novels, such as Dream of the Red Chamber, Water Margins, Journey to the West, and other classic works. The literary forms of this period were also constantly innovative and developed, such as lyrics, opera, rap, and so on.
Ancient Chinese literature experienced an extremely glorious period in the Tang Dynasty (618 - 907). The rich and colorful literary works of this period had a profound impact on the literature of later generations. The achievements of Tang Dynasty literature were mainly expressed in poetry. The representative figures of Tang poetry, which were known for their bold, unrestrained, vigorous and magnificent, were Li Bai, Du Fu, Bai Juyi, Wang Zhihuan, Liu Yuxi, etc. The poems of the Tang Dynasty not only reflected the reality of the society at that time, but also expressed the author's feelings and thoughts. They had profound thoughts and unique artistic charm. The prose of the Tang Dynasty was also a glorious period. Han Yu, Liu Zongyuan, Su Xun, Su Shi, Su Zhe and so on were the representative figures of Tang Dynasty prose. Their prose styles are different, and their content involves politics, philosophy, history, geography, culture, art, and other fields. They have high academic and artistic value. In addition to poetry and prose, there were also a large number of novels in Tang Dynasty literature, such as Chang 'an Twelve Hours, Song of Everlasting Sorrow, Dream of the Red Chamber, etc. These novels not only had high literary value, but also deeply reflected the reality of the Tang Dynasty society, which had an important impact on the development of literature in later generations. Tang Dynasty literature had an important position and influence in Chinese history. It not only created a new era of Chinese poetry, but also had a profound impact on later generations of literature. It was hailed as the peak of Chinese literature history.
'Dream of the Red Chamber' was a classic in Chinese classical literature and was hailed as a masterpiece in the history of Chinese novels. With rich imagination, exquisite description, profound thoughts and unique artistic charm, it shows the life, characters, thoughts, emotions and other aspects of the feudal society of the Qing Dynasty. It is considered to be the pinnacle of ancient Chinese novels. At the same time,"Dream of the Red Chamber" also had a profound impact on Chinese literature, culture and history, becoming an important part of Chinese culture.
The peak period of ancient Chinese narrative literature could be traced back to the pre-Qin period, especially the Warring States period. History books such as the Spring and Autumn Annals and Zuo Zhuan were considered classics of ancient Chinese narrative literature. In the Han Dynasty, there were a number of famous narrative works such as Records of the Historian and Han Shu. These works were not only beautifully written, but their content was also grand. They showed the political, economic, and cultural aspects of the Han Dynasty society and became a milestone in the history of Chinese literature. The Tang Dynasty was another peak period of ancient Chinese narrative literature. A number of excellent narrative literature works appeared, such as Water Margins, Journey to the West, Romance of the Three Kingdoms, etc. These works used vivid, vivid, and humorous language to portray many characters and plots, which became the treasures of Chinese culture. The Song Dynasty was another climax of Chinese narrative literature. A number of famous novels appeared, such as Water Margins, Journey to the West, Dream of the Red Chamber, etc. These works not only described the various customs of the Song Dynasty society, but also reflected the thoughts and feelings of the people at that time, becoming another classic in the history of Chinese literature. Generally speaking, the peak period of ancient Chinese narrative literature was between the pre-Qin period and the Tang Dynasty. The works of this period were not only beautiful but also grand in content, reflecting the social style and people's lives at that time. It became an important stage in the history of Chinese culture.
Tang poetry is one of the peaks in the history of Chinese literature and is regarded as one of the treasures of Chinese classical literature. It has extremely high artistic and cultural value. The Tang Dynasty (618 - 907) was one of the periods of cultural prosperity in Chinese history. Tang poetry emerged during this period. Its unique writing style, literary skills, and ideology had a profound impact on later literature. Tang Shi not only made great achievements in poetry creation, but also made important contributions to poetry theory, music, painting and other fields. The representative works of the Tang Dynasty poetry are "Wine","Lushan Ballad","Night Moored Niu Zhu Recalling the Past" and so on. These works not only have unique innovation in the form and technique of poetry, but also have profound insights and unique charm in the content and emotional expression. They are the classics in the history of Chinese literature.
The peak of Chinese aristocratic literature was in the pre-Qin period. In the pre-Qin period, there were many excellent literary works such as the Book of Songs and the Songs of Chu. These works reflected the social style and cultural characteristics of the Pre-Qin period and became classics in the history of Chinese literature. In addition, the aristocratic culture of the Pre-Qin period also left a rich cultural heritage, such as the thoughts of Confucius, Lao Tzu, Mozi and other philosophers, and the traditional culture of Zhou Li, which had a profound impact on the history of Chinese literature.
In the history of Chinese literature, the peak of classical Chinese novels was Dream of the Red Chamber. 'Dream of the Red Chamber' was one of the great works in the history of Chinese novels in the Qing Dynasty. This novel used a rich literary vocabulary and rhetoric to show the life, thoughts and cultural style of the Qing Dynasty society, but also reflected the complexity of human nature and the variety of society. It had a profound influence on Chinese literature and culture and was hailed as the peak of Chinese classical novels.
The peak of the development of ancient Chinese ideology and culture was Confucianism. Confucianism was an important part of traditional Chinese culture. Its founder was Confucius. Later, through continuous evolution and development, the basic theories and values of Confucianism were formed, including benevolence, honesty, filial piety, etiquette, loyalty, modesty, justice, ritual and music, etc. Confucianism had always occupied a dominant position in China's feudal society and had a far-reaching impact on Chinese culture, education, politics, philosophy, morality and other aspects. At the same time, Confucianism had a wide influence on a global scale. It was used as a reference and absorbed by the traditional culture and philosophy of many countries.