Popular culture and classical culture were two indispensable components of literature. Popular culture refers to the cultural phenomena that are widely spread in modern society, such as music, movies, television dramas, books, fashion, etc. These cultural phenomena often have certain characteristics of the times and popular characteristics. Classic culture was the cultural works that had been widely recognized and accepted after the test of time, such as the works of shakespeare, cao Xueqin's "dream of the red chamber", lu xun's works, etc. These works had profound intellectual and cultural value and were widely praised and inherited. Popular culture can provide readers with a new reading experience and cultural enjoyment. Through music, movies, television dramas and other media, readers can come into contact with different cultural elements, understand different cultural customs and values, and enhance their cultural identity and pride. At the same time, popular culture also has a certain time limit. Through appreciating the classics of popular culture, readers can understand the current cultural hot spots and popular trends. Classic culture is an indispensable part of literature. Classic culture has profound thought and cultural value. It can guide readers to think deeply about life, society, nature and other issues, and improve readers 'humane quality and thinking ability. Classic works such as Dream of the Red Chamber, Romance of the Three Kingdoms, and Water Margins not only had literary value, but they were also treasures of Chinese culture that were widely praised and passed down. Both pop culture and classical culture were indispensable parts of literature, with different functions and meanings. By appreciating the classics of popular culture and classical culture, readers can obtain different cultural experiences and cultural enjoyment, enhance their cultural identity and thinking ability, and enrich their literary quality and life experience.