What did the English translation of "Malicious Skin" in Lu Xun's short story "Medicine" mean?

Medicine was a famous modern Chinese story about human nature and morality. The protagonist of the story was Fang Hongjian, a student studying medicine in Japan. In Japan, he met a pharmacist named "Granny" who told Fang Hongjian some knowledge about Chinese medicine and concocted some Chinese medicine for him to treat his illness. However, Fang Hongjian gradually discovered that this old woman was actually a drug seller, and he was deeply harmed by her, and he began to reflect on the relationship between traditional Chinese culture and modern medicine. In the story, Fang Hongjian met some people at the bottom of society. Their living standards were low, and their physical or mental illnesses made them unable to escape from pain. Through his contact with these people, Fang felt the dark side of society and the distortion of human nature. He began to think about how to save these people and how to make people accept modern medicine. In the end, Fang Hongjian realized that only by educating people to understand modern medicine and science could diseases and social problems be solved. Therefore, he decided to return to China and began to spread scientific knowledge and modern medical ideas.

Lu Xun's Medicine was a famous modern novel about human nature and morality. In the novel, the protagonist Fang Hongjian was sent to China to study. He met a girl named Huang Yaozi, who was a wealthy businessman. Her father was the boss of a multi-national pharmaceutical company. Fang Hongjian and Huang Yaozi had an emotional entanglement, but Fang Hongjian discovered that Huang Yaozi's father was not a real philanthropist but a greedy businessman. In the end, Fang Hongjian and Huang Yaozi both fell into a predicament. They had no choice but to hurt each other for their own interests. Through the story of Fang Hongjian and Huang Yaozi, the novel explored the greed and selfishness of human nature, as well as moral and ethical issues. It also reflected the social problems in China at that time, such as the gap between the rich and the poor and the class opposition. The novel was deeply loved by readers and was hailed as a classic of modern Chinese literature.

Lu Xun's novel Medicine was selected from modern China. The novel was written in 1931, and it described a deep reflection on human nature, morality, and society. It described the experience of a poor farmer, his desire for medicine, and his resistance to injustice, reflecting the darkness of Chinese society and the helplessness of the people at that time. The novel has been translated into many languages and spread all over the world. It is regarded as a classic of modern Chinese literature.

In Lu Xun's novel Medicine, the detail of "writing crows" refers to the author Lu Xun's use of pen and ink at the end of the novel to show the poverty and backwardness of Chinese society at that time. At the end of the novel, he wrote," These poor people's children can only eat crows because they think crows are medicine that can cure all kinds of diseases they suffer from." Through this description, Lu Xun expressed some of the current situation of Chinese society at that time, as well as a kind of helplessness and lament for poverty and backwardness. It also hinted at the lack of medical knowledge and technology in Chinese society at that time, as well as people's misunderstanding and disrespect for nature and life.

The English translation of Lu Xun's Nostalgia was Reminiscences.

Lu Xun's " Medicine " was a famous novel that depicted a low-class character who was oppressed by society and suffered injustice. Through resistance and struggle, he finally revealed the darkness and evil of feudal society. The following is an analysis of the novel: 1. The theme of the novel is about the distortion of human nature and social injustice. In the novel, the protagonist Fang Hongjian felt deep pain and injustice through the exploitation of the pharmaceutical factory and the helplessness of the patients. He longed to change society but could not break away from the cage of society. This kind of despair and helplessness towards reality made him choose to commit suicide, which reflected the deep impact of the distortion of human nature and injustice on society. 2. The structure of the novel is very rigorous. It shows a complex social phenomenon through the perspectives of many characters. The novel was divided into several chapters, each of which formed a complete story chain through different stories and scenes, allowing the readers to understand the protagonist's experiences and mental journey in depth. 3. Character image: The novel has created a series of distinct character images, among which the most representative are Fang Hongjian, Mei Niang and the pharmacist Zhu Ziqing. Fang Hongjian was a young man who was born in the bottom class and had received higher education. He felt very painful about the injustice and exploitation of society and revealed the evils of society through resistance and struggle. Mei Niang was a good friend of Fang Hongjian's. She was willing to sacrifice her life to help Fang Hongjian. Pharmacist Zhu Ziqing was a kind man. Although he didn't understand Fang Hongjian's pain and resistance, he still supported and helped Fang Hongjian. 4. literary style: the novel's unique literary style uses realism to deeply reflect the darkness and evil of feudal society through the description of the protagonist and the revelation of social reality. The language of the novel was concise, vivid, and full of appeal and shock. Medicine was one of Lu Xun's classic works. It revealed the darkness and evil of feudal society through resistance and struggle, and deeply reflected the distortion of human nature and social problems.

Lu Xun's Medicine is a novel with profound social significance and philosophical thinking. It reveals the darkness of the feudal system and the distortion of human nature through the analysis of the current situation of Chinese society and the weakness of human nature. The protagonist of the novel, Fang Hongjian, was an ordinary college student. After experiencing an accidental incident, he had a deeper understanding of the current situation of Chinese society and the distortion of human nature. He realized that the darkness and cruelty of the feudal system in China made people unable to breathe freely, and the distortion of human nature led to social chaos and injustice. The 'medicine' in the novel was a symbolic concept that represented the power to change society and humanity. Fang Hongjian mentioned "medicine" many times in his novel to express his desire and pursuit for this power that could change Chinese society and human nature. Through the description of the relationship between Fang Hongjian and Xu Xian, the novel showed the selfishness and distortion of human nature. Fang Hongjian and Xu Xian's love was bound by feudal morality. In order to protect their reputation and status, they did not hesitate to sacrifice the interests of others, which ultimately led to a tragic ending. Lu Xun's Medicine deeply reflected the darkness of China's feudal society and the distortion of human nature through the deep description of social reality and the revelation of human weakness. At the same time, it also showed the desire and pursuit of changing society and human nature. It is a novel with profound social significance and philosophical thinking, and also a classic of modern Chinese literature.

Lu Xun's Medicine was a profound novel that revealed the darkness of feudal society and the distortion of human nature through the description of Chinese social reality. After reading this novel, I felt the author's concern for the people, his criticism of feudal society, and his thoughts on human nature. The protagonist of the novel, Fang Hongjian, was a kind man, but his kindness was bound by the darkness of feudal society, and he could not escape his fate. When he saw the suffering of the people, he began to reflect on his past and reality and tried to change his fate. However, his power was limited and he could not change the disadvantages of the entire feudal society. The "I" in the novel was also a kind person. He tried to contribute to the people, but in his actions, he was also affected by the feudal society. His thoughts and behavior were bound by feudal morality and could not get rid of the dependence on feudal society. The villain in the novel, Zhao Laoshuan, was a selfish man. He only cared about his own interests and did not care about the suffering of the people. His actions met the standards of feudal society, but his actions caused the people's suffering. His behavior revealed the darkness of feudal society and the distortion of human nature. After reading this novel, I deeply realized the darkness of feudal society and the distortion of human nature. Both the protagonist and the villain in the novel were influenced by the feudal society, but their efforts and actions revealed the selfishness and kindness of human nature. This novel made me think for a long time and made me pay more attention to the fate of the people and social problems.

There was a famous saying in Lu Xun's "Medicine":"Since ancient times, who has not died?" The meaning of this sentence was that since ancient times, everyone had died. Only by maintaining a firm heart and leaving behind eternal lessons could one leave behind immortal achievements. In the novel, this sentence was used as the title to express the protagonist Fang Hongjian's thoughts on life and death. At the same time, this sentence became a classic line in the novel and was deeply imprinted in the readers 'hearts. The couplet of this sentence was: " Since ancient times, who has not died? Leave a loyal heart to shine on the history; The world is like a chess game, there is no fixed number of heaven and earth, the right path is the vicissitudes of life." The meaning of this sentence was that since ancient times, everyone had died. Only by maintaining a firm heart could they leave behind an eternal lesson. The world was like a game of chess. It was changeable, but the right path of heaven and earth was eternal. This was an unchanging truth.

Lu Xun was a famous writer and ideologist. His novels and essays deeply reflected the social and people's living conditions at that time, which had a profound impact on Chinese literature and culture. Lu Xun's works often involved medicine and pharmacy. Some of his works, such as Medicine and Madman's Diary, described the problems of drug abuse and disease treatment, which had a profound impact on Chinese society and medical concepts at that time. In Medicine, Lu Xun depicted a patient who was treated wrongly and eventually died. Through this tragic story, he revealed the misdiagnosis of medicine and the lack of medical ethics, calling on people to respect medicine and trust doctors. In the novel, Lu Xun also described the images of some drug dealers and doctors. They used the profits of drugs to pursue personal interests and ignored the health and lives of patients. These images also reflected some of the real problems of Chinese society at that time. Lu Xun's works had a profound impact on Chinese literature and culture, and also revealed the medical and social problems of the time, which still have implications for today's society.