During the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, the political system underwent many changes. The main ones were: The political system of the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties was mainly based on the enfeoffment system and the patriarch system. Under this system, the state power was dispersed and the aristocrats had great political power. The Northern Wei Dynasty adopted the "Six Departments" and "Official Selection System" of the Northern Wei Taihe period. The Six Departments divided the citizens into six departments, and the official selection system was to select officials through examinations. The Northern Zhou Dynasty adopted the "Zhou Dynasty's patriarch system" to implement the enfeoffment system, dividing the nobles into several grades and giving them territory and power. The Sui Dynasty abolished the enfeoffment system and the patriarch system, and implemented the imperial examination system of the "Founding Emperor's Rule" period to select officials by examination. The political system of the Tang Dynasty basically inherited the system and policies of the Sui Dynasty, but there were also some changes such as the implementation of the "Three Provinces and Six Departments System" and the "Imperial Examination System". During the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period, the political system was rather chaotic, and many political systems appeared, such as the "Nine-Ming Prime Minister" system in the Later Liang Dynasty, the "Official System of Three Grades" system in the Later Tang Dynasty, and the "Eight Discussions" system in the Later Jin Dynasty.
There were some novels that traveled back in time to the Wei, Jin, and Northern and Southern Dynasties that could be recommended, such as " Peerless Pride,"" Wei, Jin Ganfan,"" Rebirth of the First Flower of the North and South," and " Liang Dao." These novels were all set in the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties. The plot was complicated and the writing was beautiful. It was very worth reading. Among them, the male protagonist of the novel was Xiao Ji, the King of Wuling in the Daliang Kingdom of the Northern and Southern Dynasties. He grew stronger and stronger in the chaotic times and finally became the King of Wuling. I hope you will like these novels.
Paintings from the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties included Cao Buxing's Buddha paintings, Wei Xie's Records of the Historian Wu Zixu and Zhang Yi's Statue, Dai Kui's Three Horses Bole and Confucius 'Disciples, Gu Kaizhi's Nvshi Admonitions, Luoshen Fu and Lienv Renzhi, and Zhang Sengyao's paintings influenced by Buddhism. In addition, there were works by Jiang Shaoyou, Yang Zihua, Cao Zhongda, and other artists.
During the Wei, Jin, and Southern and Northern Dynasties, there were some important books on calligraphy. Among them,"The General System and the Governor System of the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties" was a book that studied the general system and the governor system of the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties. It mainly investigated the relationship between the bugle general and the provincial governor, the military of the prefectures, and the commander-in-chief of the expedition, as well as the emergence, characteristics and role of the commander-in-chief in the expedition. In addition,"Wei Jin/Southern and Northern Dynasties Calligraphy" was also a book worth recommending. It introduced the development of calligraphy art and the study of calligraphy theory during the Wei Jin and Southern and Northern Dynasties. In addition, The Literature Theory of the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties and Cao Pi's Dian Lun·Wen Lun was a book that studied the literary criticism and literary theory of the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties. It explored the characteristics of literary creation and the creative personality of writers, as well as the changes in literary concepts and literary criticism. In addition,"Research on the Essay of the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties" was also a book that studied the Essay of the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties. It described the various styles of Essay and their relationships with other styles. It also discussed the subject matter and theme of Essay, as well as the rhetoric, structure, and style of Essay. Generally speaking, the calligraphy theory of the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties covered many aspects such as the general system and the governor system, calligraphy art and calligraphy theory, literary criticism and literary theory, argumentative articles, etc.
The order of the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties was: Wei, Western Jin, Eastern Jin, Southern Song, Southern Qi, Southern Liang, Southern Chen, and Northern.
The detailed information of the emperors of the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties was as follows: The emperors of the Wei Dynasty (220 - 265) were Cao Cao, Cao Pi, Cao Rui, Cao Fang, Cao Mao, and Cao Huan. The emperors of Shu Han (221 - 263) were Liu Bei, Emperor Zhaolie, and Liu Chan, Emperor Huai. The emperors of the Wu Dynasty (222 - 280) were Sun Quan, the Great Emperor Taizu, Sun Liang, the deposed Emperor Kuaiji, Sun Xiu, the Emperor Jing, Sun He, the Emperor Wen, and Sun Hao, the Marquis of Wucheng, the last Emperor. The emperors of the Western Jin Dynasty (265 - 316) were Sima Yan, Sima Zhong, Sima Chi, and Sima Ye. The emperors of the Eastern Jin Dynasty (317 - 420) were Sima Rui, Sima Shao, Sima Yan, Sima Yue, Sima Dan, Sima Pi, Sima Yi, Sima Yu, Sima Yao, Sima Dezong, and Sima Dewen. The emperors of the former Zhao (304 - 329) were Liu Yuan, Emperor Guangwen of Gaozu, Liu He, Emperor Liu Cong, Emperor Liu Can, Emperor Liu Yao, and Emperor Liu Xi. This was the detailed information of the emperors of the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties.
During the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, many emperors appeared. One of the most outstanding emperors was Emperor Wen of Sui, Yang Jian. In 581, he replaced the Northern Zhou Dynasty and unified the Northern and Southern Dynasties, ending the 400-year-long period of division. Yang Jian had also successfully crushed the Turkic invasion to the south and hastened the division of the Turks. Other famous emperors included Cao Cao, Emperor Wu of Wei, Yu Wentai, Emperor Xiaowen of Wei, Yuan Hong, and Liu Yu, Emperor Wu of Song. These emperors had outstanding performances in terms of personal ability, military development, internal affairs, and influence on future generations. However, the specific ranking of emperors might vary according to different evaluation standards.
The Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties was a very important period in Chinese history, during which many outstanding scholars appeared. The following are some representative literati: The Seven Sages of the Bamboo Grove: They were a group of scholars from the Wei and Jin Dynasties, including Qian Xuantong, Liu Ling, Ruan Ji, Xiang Xiu, Wang Rong, Shan Tao, and Gu Kaizhi. They were famous for their drinking, poetry, philosophy and other activities, and were regarded as the representatives of the Wei and Jin Dynasties. 2. Tao Yuanming: He was a scholar in the Eastern Jin Dynasty and was known as a "literary giant". He was famous for his idyllic poetry style and his thoughts that were detached from the world. 3. Xie Lingyun: He was a writer, poet, and philosopher during the Eastern Jin Dynasty. He was famous for his poetry and landscape philosophy. 4. Wang Xizhi: He was a calligrapher, painter, and writer in the Eastern Jin Dynasty. He was known as the "Calligraphy Saint". His calligraphy and painting works are still widely influenced today. 5 Wang Xianzhi: He was a writer, calligrapher, and poet of the Eastern Jin Dynasty. He was known as one of the "Two Kings" for his poetry and calligraphy. 6 Xie Xuan: He was a writer and politician in the Eastern Jin Dynasty. He was famous for his prose and poetry. Ban Gu: He was a writer and historian in the Eastern Han Dynasty, famous for his "Han Shu." 8 Gu Kaizhi: He was a painter and writer in the Eastern Jin Dynasty. He was famous for his paintings and philosophy. These are just a few examples of the many literati of the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties who left a profound impact on Chinese history with their talents, ideas, and artistic achievements.
The Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties period was a period in Chinese history from 220 to 589 A. D. This period covered the establishment and prosperity of the Three Kingdoms, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, as well as the Sui and Tang Dynasties. During the Three Kingdoms period, Cao Cao and Sun Quan fought for the world, forming a three-way hegemony. The Jin Dynasty, on the other hand, was represented by Sima Yi and Sima Yan, Emperor Wu of the Jin Dynasty. They unified China and established a new system of central power. During the Northern and Southern Dynasties, the political situation was divided and natural disasters led to the change of regime and the loss of population. However, there were also many excellent literary works such as Romance of the Three Kingdoms and Dream of the Red Chamber.
The representative painters of the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties were Gu Kaizhi, Lu Tanxuan, Zhang Sengyao, Cao Buxing, Wei Xie, Xiao Yi, Cao Zhongda, Yang Zihua, etc. Their representative works included the Painting of Luoshen Fu, the Painting of Nvshi Admonitions, the Painting of Benevolence and Wisdom of Women, and the Painting of Tribute. However, due to the passage of time, the works of many painters had been lost, and only a few works survived to this day. Among them, Gu Kaizhi's " Luoshen Fu Scroll " was one of his most famous works and was known as one of the Three Heroes of the Six Dynasties. Zhang Sengyao's Five Stars and Twenty-Eight Constellations True Form Painting was also one of his representative works. Cao Buxing was known as the " Ancestor of Buddhist Paintings " and was good at painting figures and Buddha statues. The works of these painters had an important influence on later generations.
During the Wei, Jin, and Southern and Northern Dynasties, the construction novels were a type of novel that described the protagonist's hard work in the chaotic era. Among them," Wei Jin Gan Fan Ren " and " Wei Jin Construction " were two ancient romance novels, and the authors were Yu Yuzhu. These novels described how the protagonist Zhao Hanzhang met with an accident on his way back to school from a blind date. When he opened his eyes, he was transported to the chaotic era of the Northern and Southern Dynasties. In this era where order had collapsed and etiquette and morality were all fed to dogs, Zhao Hanzhang was unwilling to yield to fate. He yearned for freedom and worked hard. These novels could be read online on Qidian Chinese Network. Some chapters were exempted, and the latest chapters were available online.