During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, which of the following schools of thought or representative figures opposed each other? Please tell me why, thank you!
During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, the following schools of thought or representative figures had opposing ideologies: Xunzi and Mencius. Xunzi and Mencius were famous representatives of Confucianism and Taoism in ancient China. There were great differences in their thoughts and views. Xunzi believed that human nature was evil, and that evil people's behavior stemmed from selfishness and the pursuit of interests. He advocated governing society through moral norms and legal means to make people get rid of their evil nature and become true gentlemen. Mencius, on the other hand, advocated that human nature was good, and that human behavior stemmed from the pursuit of morality and justice. He emphasized the importance of moral education and political governance, believing that social harmony and stability could be achieved as long as people were guided to follow moral norms and principles of justice through education and governance. The difference between these two ideas was mainly due to their different views on the nature of human nature, moral standards, and social governance methods. Xunzi's thoughts were influenced by the dark society and moral corruption at that time, while Mencius thought more about the essence of human nature and the significance of moral education.
