The main reason why pure literature had a much smaller audience than popular culture was as follows: 1. Higher threshold: Pure literature usually requires readers to have certain literary attainments and reading skills, such as reading classic literary works, understanding literary schools, and. This required a certain amount of time and effort, so the threshold for the average reader was relatively high. 2. Depth of content: Pure literature usually pays more attention to the depth and complexity of the content. It requires the reader to have a certain thinking ability and reading experience. Compared to popular culture, pure literature often paid more attention to the plot and character creation, as well as the exploration and thinking of the theme, which might make some readers feel more difficult. 3. Form restrictions: Pure literature usually uses traditional literary forms such as novels, poems, and essays, which often have certain rules and restrictions. This might limit the spread and popularity of pure literature, making its audience relatively limited. 4. Market changes: With the changes of times and society, the content and form of pure literature also need to be constantly adjusted and updated. In contrast, the popular culture market changed faster and easier to adapt to the needs and changes of the market. Therefore, the audience of pure literature may be relatively small compared to popular culture, but this does not mean that pure literature has no value or appeal. For readers, choosing a literary work that suited them was the most important thing. This was also the meaning and value of pure literature.