The dividing line between modern Chinese literature and contemporary literature lies in whether literature is regarded as a tool for social criticism and whether it pays more attention to the complexity of social reality and human life. Modern Chinese literature began in the early 20th century, with the development of the Chinese revolution and construction, literature began to gradually receive attention. From the 1920s to the 1940s, literature began to show a variety and exploration, such as Lu Xun, Lao She, Ba Jin and so on. This marked the beginning of the advancement of literature towards the modern era. The dividing line between modern literature and classical literature lies in whether they pay more attention to the complexity of human life and social problems, and whether they emphasize the uniqueness of literature and the importance of literature as a part of human culture. In the second half of the 20th century, many of their modern works paid more attention to the complexity of human life and social problems, such as Ernest, Faulkner, Mo Yan, etc. This emphasized the uniqueness of literature and the importance of human life. On the other hand, classical literature paid more attention to the history and cultural tradition of human life, emphasizing the memorial of literature and the role of cultural inheritance. Before the 20th century, many of these works were classical, but in modern literature, these works were often regarded as representatives of ancient culture and part of cultural heritage.