Is the earliest vernacular novel in China Water Margins or Madman's Diary?

China's first vernacular novel was Water Margins. Water Margins is the first vernacular novel in the history of Chinese literature. Its appearance symbolized that Chinese novel creation had entered the era of vernacular.

China's first vernacular novel was " The Madman's Diary."

Lu Xun's Madman's Diary was indeed China's first vernacular novel because it used modern Chinese grammar and vocabulary to reveal the darkness of society and the sufferings of the people in concise and bright language. At the same time, it also created a precedent for vernacular writing, transforming traditional classical Chinese into easy-to-understand vernacular, laying the foundation for modern Chinese literature. Water Margins and Dream of the Red Chamber were also classic works of vernacular novels because they had distinct characteristics of the times and individual styles in the literary form and language use. In these two works, the vernacular language was fully reflected, such as the language of the characters, movements, psychological descriptions, etc. At the same time, modern Chinese rhetoric techniques such as metaphor, exaggeration, contrast, etc. were also used to make the works more vivid, vivid and expressive. The vernacular was a new literary form, which was creative and could better express the author's thoughts and feelings, and also laid the foundation for the later development of literature. As the classics in the history of Chinese literature, Water Margins and Dream of the Red Chamber were also important representatives of vernacular literature.

The earliest Madman's Diary was in Russia. First published in 1882, this novel is one of Dostoevsky's most famous works and one of the pioneers of modern literature. Through the protagonist's crazy behavior and psychological exploration, it reveals the injustice of Russian society and the distortion of human nature at that time.

The Madman's Diary was considered the first vernacular novel because it created a precedent for vernacular novels. Before the Madman's Diary, there had never been a vernacular novel in the true sense of the word in the history of Chinese literature. Instead, it had adopted the traditional form of classical Chinese. The author used a lot of easy-to-understand vernacular language in the Madman's Diary to make it easier for the readers to understand and read the article. The emergence of this vernacular style marked the first turning point in the history of Chinese literature, allowing literary works to be closer to the reader's life and reality, making it easier for them to be accepted and appreciated. Therefore, the Madman's Diary was regarded as the first vernacular novel with important historical and cultural significance.

The Madman's Diary was a classic work in the history of modern Chinese literature and was hailed as one of the foundational works of modern Chinese literature. Its appearance marked the rise of Chinese vernacular literature and also opened the precedent of modern Chinese novels. In "A Madman's Diary", the author used the writing technique of vernacular to criticize the feudal ethics, old culture, and old ideas through absurd narrative methods, showing the author's pursuit of freedom, equality, and science. At the same time, the characters in the novel were vivid and the language was concise and bright. It had a strong expressiveness and appeal, and became one of the representative works of modern Chinese literature. The appearance of A Madman's Diary symbolized the rise of Chinese vernacular literature and the beginning of modern Chinese novels. It had a profound impact on the development of modern Chinese literature and the formation of modern Chinese culture.

The Water Margins was the first Chinese vernacular novel written in the form of a chapter. Its author was the Ming Dynasty novelist Shi Naian.

Water margin was one of the four famous novels in China and was very popular. If you want to read the vernacular version of Water Margins, you can find it on some online literature platforms. For example, the vernacular version of Water Margins could be found on Qidian Chinese Network. This version of Water Margins was easy to understand and suitable for the public to read.

The Madman's Diary, China's first vernacular novel, was included in Lu Xun's collection of short stories, The True Story of Ah Q.

Lu Xun's Madman's Diary is considered one of the landmarks of modern Chinese literature because it is the first vernacular novel in the true sense. In this work, Lu Xun used the easy-to-understand vernacular language, combining the traditional classical Chinese form with modern Chinese, making the story and characters more vivid and vivid, and easier for readers to understand and accept. In addition, Diary of a Madman also adopted many modern literary techniques such as the psychological description of characters, contradictions and conflicts, which reflected the development of modern Chinese literature. Therefore, Lu Xun's Madman's Diary was regarded as the pioneer of modern Chinese literature and had a profound impact on the development of Chinese literature.