The development of Chinese culture can be traced back to ancient times and experienced many periods. The following are some of the important periods and representative works: Ancient times: The development of ancient Chinese culture can be traced back to the 5th century B.C. to the 1st century A.D. The representative works of this period included the Book of Songs, the Songs of Chu, the Analects of Confucius, and the Tao Te Ching. 2 Spring and Autumn Warring States Period: The Spring and Autumn Warring States Period was a peak period of Chinese cultural development. His representative works included Sun Tzu's Art of War, Mozi's Thoughts, Han Feizi, etc. 3. Qin and Han Dynasties: The Qin and Han Dynasties were another important period in the development of Chinese culture. The representative works include Records of the Historian, Han Shu, Peacock Flying Southeast, etc. 4. Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties: The Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties period was a turning point in the development of Chinese culture. Representative works include Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Water Margins, Dream of the Red Chamber, etc. 5 Tang, Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties: The Tang, Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties were the heyday of Chinese cultural development. The representative works included 300 Tang poems, 300 Song poems, Yuan Qü, etc. Regionally, the development of Chinese culture had also experienced many regional representative works. For example, ancient Chinese culture had high achievements in Chinese characters, poetry, calligraphy, painting, and so on. The representative works of each region also had their own characteristics.
The development of western music could be traced back to ancient Greece and Rome, followed by the medieval period, the Renaissance and Baroque period, the romantic period and the classical period. The following is a brief history of Western music in different periods of development, the styles of works in each period, as well as the lives and representative works of the main composer: Ancient Greece and Rome (6th century B.C. to 3rd century A.D.): - Ancient Greek music mainly originated from the Aegean Sea coastal areas, mainly with sacrificial music. - Roman music was the successor of ancient Greek music and became the foundation of European classical music. Middle Ages (3rd century to 15th century): - Medieval music was characteristic of strong rhythms and heavy sound, emphasizing the social and political significance of music. - The styles of his works include medieval folk songs, church music, epic music, and so on. - The main composer included: Bach, Franz Schubert, Wolfgang Mendelssohn, etc. Renaissance (15th century to 17th century): - The music of the Renaissance was characteristic of the restoration of the music traditions of ancient Greece and Rome, emphasizing the humanism and naturalism of music. - The styles of his works include classical music, folk music, and opera from the Renaissance. - The main composer included: Da Vinci, Raphael, Michelangelo, etc. Baroque period (17th century to 18th century): - Baroque music was complex and varied, rich in sound, and complex in rhythm. - The styles of his works include Baroque classical music, religious music, folk music, and orchestral music. - The main composer included Bach, Handel, Vivaldi, etc. Romanticism (18th century to 19th century): - Romanticism was a style of music that emphasized emotion and personality, using many new musical forms and instruments. - The styles of his works include: romantic classical music, folk music, guitar music, etc. - The main composer included: Chopin, Schubert, Einstein, Debussy, etc. Classics (19th century): - The characteristics of classical music were the pursuit of balance, balance, and rigor, emphasizing the rationality and objectiveness of music. - Styles of works include: classical music, romantic classical music
The pre-Qin literature, including the representative works of the various schools of thought during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, included: 1. Confucian classics: The Analects of Confucius, Mencius, Da Xue, The Doctrine of the mean, etc. 2. Taoist Classics: Tao Te Ching, Chuang Tzu, Xiaoyao You, etc. 3. Legalism Classics: Han Feizi, Shang Jun Shu, Lu's Spring and Autumn Annals, etc. 4. Mohist Classics: Mozi, Hundred Schools of Thought, etc. 5 Classics: Gongsun Longzi, On the White Horse, etc. 6. Yin-Yang School Classics: Yellow Emperor's Internal Classic, Yin-Yang School, etc. 7 Military classics: Sun Tzu's Art of War, Wu Tzu's Art of War, etc. In addition, the Pre-Qin literature also included some prose, poetry, Fu, and other works such as the Book of Songs, the Songs of Chu, and the Yuefu Za Qu.
Chinese classical literature has a long history and many outstanding representative figures and works have emerged in different historical periods. The following are some representative characters and works: 1. Pre-Qin period: Confucius, Mencius, Mozi, Xunzi, Han Feizi and other philosophers; Classic works such as The Book of Songs, The Book of History, The Book of Rites, and The Book of Changes. 2. Qin and Han Dynasties: Sima Qian, Ban Gu, Wang Chong, Cao Zhi, Li Bai, Du Fu and other writers; Records of the Historian, Han Shu, Han Shu of the Later Han Dynasty, Records of the Three Kingdoms and other historical books. 3. Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties: Wang Xizhi, Wang Xianzhi, Tao Yuanming, Xie Lingyun, Liu Zongyuan, Yang Wanli and other writers; History books such as Jin Shu, Southern and Northern Dynasties Shu, Tang Shu, Song Shu, Qi Shu, Liang Shu, etc. 4 Tang, Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties: Han Yu, Liu Zongyuan, Su Shi, Xin Qiji, Lu You, Ouyang Xiu, Yang Wanli and other writers; History books such as Tokyo Menghua Lu, Mengxi Bitan, Song History, Yuan History, etc. 5 Modern era: Lu Xun, Lao She, Ba Jin, Cao Yu, Zhang Ailing and other writers; Dream of the Red Chamber, Journey to the West, Water Margins, Romance of the Three Kingdoms and other classic literary works. These are just some of the representative figures and works in Chinese classical literature. There are many other outstanding figures and works such as The Analects of Confucius, The Book of Songs, The Songs of Chu, Water Margins, Journey to the West, etc.
What are the most representative literary styles in each period of Chinese history? The answer was as follows: Pre-Qin period (11th century B.C. -21st century B.C.): Pre-Qin literature includes the Book of Songs, the Book of History, the Book of Rites, the Book of Changes, and the Spring and Autumn Annals. 2. Qin and Han Dynasties (21st century B.C. -220A.D.): The literature of the Qin and Han Dynasties includes four historical books, Records of the Historian, Book of the Han Dynasty, Book of the Later Han Dynasty, and Records of the Three Kingdoms, as well as literary classics such as Chuci, Yuefu, and Nineteen Ancient Poems. 3. Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties (220 - 589): The literature of the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties included classics such as Wenxuan, The Analects of Confucius, Mencius, The Book of Songs, Yuefu, and Nineteen Ancient Poems, as well as works of famous poets such as Li Bai, Du Fu, and Bai Juyi of the Tang Dynasty. 4. Tang, Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties (618 - 1911): The representative works of the Tang, Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties include 300 Tang poems, 300 Song poems, 300 Yuan songs, and novels of the Ming and Qing Dynasties such as Dream of the Red Chamber, Journey to the West, and Water Margins. 5. Modern period (1911 - 2020): Modern literature includes classic works such as "Scream,""Hesitation,""New Stories,""Dream of the Red Chamber,""The Scholars," and works by literary masters such as Lu Xun, Lao She, Shen Congwen, and Qian Zhongshu.
China had a long history, and its literary genre was also very diverse. The following are some of the most representative literary styles in various periods of Chinese history: 1. Pre-Qin period (11th century B.C. -21st century B.C.): Pre-Qin literature represented the political, social, and cultural features of the Pre-Qin period with the Book of Songs and the Spring and Autumn Annals. 2. Qin and Han Dynasties (221 B.C. -220 A.D.): The literature of Qin and Han Dynasties, represented by Records of the Historian and Han Shu, represents the war, politics, and civilization development of Qin and Han Dynasties. 3. Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties (220 - 589 AD): The literature of the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties was represented by the Wenxuan and the Nineteen Ancient Poems, which represented the culture and thoughts of the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties. 4. Tang Dynasty (618 - 907 AD): Tang Dynasty literature, represented by Tang poetry such as Li Bai, Du Fu, Bai Juyi, etc., expressed the social, political, and cultural features of the Tang Dynasty. 5 Song Dynasty (960 - 1279): Song Dynasty literature was represented by Song Ci, such as Su Shi, Xin Qiji, Li Qingzhao, etc., which expressed the social, political, and cultural features of the Song Dynasty. 6. Yuan Dynasty (1271 - 1368): The literature of the Yuan Dynasty was represented by Yuan Qu, such as Guan Hanqing and Ma Zhiyuan, which expressed the social, political, and cultural features of the Yuan Dynasty. 7 Ming Dynasty (1368 - 1644): Ming Dynasty literature was represented by novels such as Dream of the Red Chamber, Water Margins, Journey to the West, etc., which expressed the social, political, and cultural features of the Ming Dynasty. 8 Qing Dynasty (1644 - 1912): The literature of the Qing Dynasty was represented by novels, essays, and poems such as Dream of the Red Chamber, The Scholars, and Moonlight over the Lotus Pond, which expressed the social, political, and cultural features of the Qing Dynasty.
English literature during the Renaissance was divided into two periods: 1 Early Renaissance (early 16th century to mid-16th century): Representative figures include shakespeare, cervantes, pierce, thomas hardy, etc. His representative works include William's plays Hamlet, King Lear, Othello, Cervantes 'Don Quijote, and Pierce's novel, tess of the d'Urbervilles. 2. Late Renaissance (late 16th century to 17th century): Representative figures include James, Bacon, Locke, etc. His representative works included James's Natural Laws and The Social Contract, Bacon's On Friendship and On Reading, Locke's On Government, and other philosophical works. In addition, there were also a number of famous novelists in Britain, such as Thomas Hardy's General Hardy and Jane Austen's Pride and Predict.
Chopin's composition can be divided into four periods: 1. Enlightenment period (1800-1804): Chopin's enlightenment period was spent in a polish aristocratic family. During this period, he began to come into contact with music theory, learn piano performance, and create some beautiful works. His masterpieces were "Nocturne in E-flat major"(No 1 in E-flat major is also known as "Nocturne in E major"),"Etudes in F minor"(No 2 in F-sharp major is also known as "Etudes in F minor"),"No. 1 in D-flat major"(No 3 in D-flat major is also known as "Etudes in D major"), and "Scherzo in C minor"(No 4 in C-sharp major is also known as "Scherzo in C minor"). Romanticism (1804-1814): Chopin began to show romantic tendencies during this period. His works were more emotional, expressing freedom, personality and creativity. His works during this period included: No. 2 in F-sharp major (also known as the "F-sharp major etude"), No. 3 in C-sharp minor (also known as the "C-sharp minor etude"), No. 9 in E-flat major (also known as the "E-flat major"), No. 25 in D-flat major (also known as the "D-flat major waltz"), No. 10 in E-flat major (also known as the "E-flat major fantasia"), etc. His masterpieces were: Fantasia in E-flat major (No. 10 in E-flat major, also known as Fantasia in E-flat major), No. 3 in C-sharp minor (No. 6 in C-sharp major, also known as Etudes in C-sharp minor), No. 9 in E-flat major (also known as Nocturne in E-flat major), and No. 25 in D-flat major (also known as Waltz in D-flat major). 3. Impressionist period (1815-1820): Chopin's works during this period paid more attention to the form and performance of music and ignored the theory of music. His works were usually bright, light and lively, showing the characteristics of impressionist music.
After the Renaissance, music was roughly divided into several periods: 1 Baroque period (16th century to the mid-17th century): The music style of this period was full of the magnificence and complexity of musical techniques, emphasizing contrast and decoration. The representative works were Bach and Handel's classical music works. 2. Rococo period (late 17th century to early 18th century): The music style of this period was full of decorations and soft colors. The representative figures of classical music such as Benedictus Walter and Vivaldi's representative works were Four Seasons. 3. Romanticism period (mid-18th century to early 19th century): The music style of this period emphasized emotion and personality. The representative works such as the Moonlight Sonata and the Pathetical Sonata were composed by the famous figures such as Wolfgang van Wolfgang, and Chopin. 4. Modern music period (from the late 19th century to the present): The music style of this period emphasized innovation and experimentation. The representative figures included Stravinsky (Furtwangler), Rex (Richard Richardson), and other representative works such as "Sympathic Poem" and "Swan Lake". The representative figures and works of the above periods are as follows: Baroque period: Bach, Handel, Vivaldi. 2. Rococo period: Brujenbaard, Vivaldi. 3. Romanticism period: Bach, Chopin, Schubert, Brahms. 4. Modern music period: Stravinsky, Rex, Debussy, Ravel.
The development of European literature can be divided into several periods, and the main representative works of each stage can be divided into: 1 Renaissance (14th to 17th century): - Representative works: Divine Comedy (Chant), Caravaggio's Collection (Caravaggio), and shakespeare's Collection (shakespeare). - Representative: The outstanding representative of the Renaissance was William shakespeare. His works included Hamlet, King Lear, The Tempest, and so on. At the same time, Raphael, Michelangelo, and others from the Renaissance. 2. Baroque period (17th to 18th century): - Representative works: Don Quijote (by Miguel de Cervantes), The Collection of Virgil de Aragon (by Virgil de Aragon), and The Crusader (by Daniel Defoe). - Representative: The outstanding representative of the Baroque period is Du Fu. His works include "Happy Rain on a Spring Night" and "Climbing High". At the same time, the Baroque period, Goethe, Russell, and others. 3. Romanticism (18th-19th century): - Representative works: Jane Eyre (Charlotte Bronte), A Tale of Two Cities (Charles Dickens), Pride and Predict (Jane Austen), etc. - Representative: The outstanding representative of the romantic period is Dickens. His works include Oliver Twist, A Tale of Two Cities, etc. At the same time, in the romantic period, Tolstoy, Maugham and others. 4 20th century literature: - Representative works: How Steel Was Tempered (Nikola Ostrovsky), War and Peace (Leo Tolstoy), The Kite Runner (Kared Husseini), etc. - Representative: The outstanding representative of 20th-century literature is Nikola Ostrovsky. His works include How Steel Was Tempered. At the same time, Husseini, Ernest, Faulkner, Marquez, and others in the 20th century literature.
China has a long history of literature, painting, and calligraphy. The following are the main achievements and representatives of each period: 1. Pre-Qin period (1046 - 221 B.C.): The representative figures include Confucius, Mozi, Xunzi, Zhuangzi, etc. The representative works include The Book of Songs, The Book of History, The Spring and Autumn Annals, etc. 2. Qin and Han Dynasties (221 B.C. -220 A.D.): Representative figures include Li Si, Huo Qubing, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, and other representative works include Records of the Historian, Han Shu, etc. 3. Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties (220 - 589): The representative figures were Wang Xizhi, Wang Xianzhi, Wang Le, Xie Lingyun, etc. The representative works were Preface to the Orchid Pavilion, Manuscript for the Sacrifice to Nephew, Clear Calligraphy on a Snowy Day, etc. 4. Tang, Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties (618 - 1911): Representative figures include Li Bai, Du Fu, Su Shi, Xin Qiji, Lu You, etc. Representative works include 300 Tang Poetry, 300 Song Ci, 300 Yuan Qu, etc. The literature of this period included Tang poetry, Song Ci, Yuan Qu, etc. Calligraphy, regular script, running script, cursive script, official script, etc. Painting, landscape painting, figure painting, flower and bird painting, etc. Each had its own unique characteristics and styles, which became an important part of Chinese culture.