The "avant-garde" in contemporary Chinese literature refers to a group of young people from the late 1980s to the mid-1990s. 1. Exploration of neo-realism: The avant-garde created a more realistic neo-realism style that penetrated into social reality. 2. Pay attention to personal experience and inner life: The avant-garde faction attempts to express the complexity of human nature by directly describing inner feelings and emotional states. 3. Pay attention to formal innovation: The avant-garde tried to express their thoughts and emotions through new art forms, such as using symbols, metaphor, symbols, etc. 4. Pay attention to social reality problems: avant-garde factions such as environmental destruction, social injustice, political corruption, etc. 5. Oppose the market: The avant-garde faction believes that literary works should appear in the form of pure literature and should not be processed by the market to cater to the tastes of readers. Avant-garde is an important literary school in contemporary Chinese literature. Its rise and development have had a profound impact on the history of Chinese literature.