1. What are the basic forms of literary theory? What was the basis for the division?

The basic forms of literary theory can be classified according to different classification standards. The following are a few common classifications and their basis: According to the time sequence of the theory, literary theory can be divided into ancient literary theory, medieval literary theory, Renaissance literary theory, 19th century literary theory, 20th century literary theory, etc. The division of literary theories in these periods was mainly based on the degree of study and understanding of literary works and literary phenomena. 2. According to the research object of the theory, literary theory can be divided into literary history theory, literary phenomenon theory, literary criticism theory, etc. The theory of literary history mainly studies the evolution and composition of literary history, including the classification, theme, style, etc. of literary works; the theory of literary phenomenon mainly studies the literary phenomenon of a specific period, such as genre, theme, language, etc.; the theory of literary criticism mainly studies the acceptance and evaluation of literary works, including the standards and methods of literary evaluation. 3. According to the core concept of the theory, literary theory can be divided into classical literary theory, modern literary theory, post-modern literary theory, etc. Classic literary theory mainly emphasized the historical and traditional value of literary works, including the origin, purpose, and function of literature; modern literary theory mainly focused on the modern nature and expression of literary works, including the form, language, culture, etc.; postmodern literary theory mainly focused on the meaning and symbol of literary works, including the relationship between literature and society, culture, politics, etc. 4. According to the theoretical research methods, literary theory can be divided into literature theory, positive theory, system theory, etc. Literature theory mainly studies literature works and literature phenomena, including literature history, literature criticism, literature research, etc. Positive theory mainly uses positive research methods to promote the development of literature theory through the analysis and explanation of literature works and literature phenomena. System theory tries to grasp the relationship between literature phenomena and literature works as a whole and construct a comprehensive theoretical framework. These are the common forms of literary theory and the basis for their division. Different theoretical forms have their own unique characteristics and research scope.

The basic proposition of current literary theory included: 1. The relationship between literature and society: literature, as an art that reflects and shapes social reality, has a close relationship with society. Literature theory probes into the relationship between literature and society, studies the influence of social background on literary creation, and analyses the social elements in literary works. 2. Literature types and literary styles: Literature can be classified into different types and styles according to different standards, such as novels, poems, plays, essays, etc. Literature theory explored the characteristics and differences of these different types of literature, as well as how each type of literature came into being and developed in different historical and cultural backgrounds. 3. The process and method of literary creation: literary creation is a complicated process, including the source of inspiration, conception, writing, revision, and many other links. The theory of literature studies the process and methods of literary creation. It studies the influence of different methods of creation on literary creation. 4. The standard of literary value and literary aesthetics: The standard of literary value and literary aesthetics are important criteria to measure the value of literary works. The theory of literature probes into the formation and evolution of these standards of value and aesthetics, and analyses the value and aesthetic orientation of literary works under different cultural backgrounds. 5. Literature criticism and literature research: Literature criticism and literature research are important components of literary theory. The theory of literature probes into the methods, significance, and value of literary criticism and literary research. It analyses the influence of different criticism and research methods on the understanding and evaluation of literary works. These basic theses are the foundation and core of literary theory, which involve the nature of literature, the relationship with society, literary types and literary styles, the process and methods of literary creation, the standard of literary value and literary aesthetics, literary criticism and literary research, etc.

The symbolic literature refers to the literary works that express the author's inner feelings, thoughts, and values through symbols and other means. Its basic characteristics include: Symbol is a kind of metaphor. The meaning conveyed by hinting or hinting often surpasses the language itself and has a profound psychological meaning. Symbols are one of the most common symbols in literature. They often appear in poems, novels, plays, and other literary works. 2. Symbol-type literature often constructs the theme and atmosphere of the works through symbols and symbols. These symbols and symbols could be natural elements, animals, plants, colors, light, sounds, and so on. They were often closely related to human emotions, thoughts, experiences, and culture. 3. The way of expression in symbolic literature is often more obscure. The reader needs to have a certain cultural accomplishment and reading experience in order to better understand and understand the symbolic meaning in the works. 4. The works of symbolic literature usually have complex structures and rich meanings. They often need to be read many times before they can be fully understood. The works of symbolic literature have a profound impact on the reader's psychology and emotions, often triggering the reader's resonance and thinking.

The basic content of ancient Chinese Confucian literary theory mainly included the following aspects: 1. The relationship between literature and society: Confucian literary theory believes that literature and society are closely related. Therefore, Confucian literary theory advocated that writers should pay attention to social reality and use literature to express their concern and criticism of society. 2. The function of literature: Confucian literary theory believes that literature has many functions, including education, moral education, cultural inheritance, aesthetic entertainment, etc. Among them, the educational function and moral education function were the most important. 3. The norms of literary creation: Confucian literary theory proposed a series of norms of literary creation, including the rhythm, rhythm, rhetoric, etc. of literary works. These norms were designed to improve the quality and artistic value of literary works. 4. The aesthetic value of literature: Confucian literary theory emphasized the aesthetic value of literary works. It believed that literary works should have the beauty of image, emotion, artistic conception, etc. These beautiful expressions helped to enhance the artistic value and cultural heritage of literary works. The theory of ancient Chinese Confucian literature is an important part of the development of ancient Chinese literature, which has a profound impact on the development of ancient Chinese literature and modern literature.

The basic theory of literature is a theoretical system that studies literary phenomena, literary processes, and literary laws. It is the foundation and core of literary theory. It mainly studies the nature, characteristics and laws of literary creation, the historical process of the emergence and development of literary phenomena, and the mutual relationship and interaction between literary phenomena. The basic theory of literature usually included the following aspects: 1. The basic rules of literary creation: including the psychological mechanism of literary creation, the process of creation, and the techniques of creation. 2. The basic types of literary creation: including novels, poems, plays, essays, etc. 3. The basic elements of literary creation, including language, character image, plot, theme, etc. 4. The basic styles and schools of literary creation: including classical literature, realism literature, romanticism literature, modernist literature, post-modernist literature, etc. 5. The historical development of literary creation, including the origin, development, climax and low point of literary creation. The basic theory of literature is of great significance to literary research, literary creation, and literary education.

The basic task of literary theory is to provide theoretical support and direction for literary creation. The theory of literature includes literary phenomenology, literary noumenon, literary value and literary criticism. Among them, literary phenomenology mainly studies the historical and cultural background of literary creation and probes into the essential characteristics and laws of literary creation; literary noumenon mainly studies the internal structure and function of literary works and probes into the intrinsic aesthetic value of literary works; literary axiology mainly studies the value and significance of literary works and probes into the influence of literary works on society, life and human destiny; literary criticism mainly studies the process and methods of literary creation and evaluation to provide criticism and guidance for literary creation. In the process of studying literary theory, the basic task is to analyze and explain the phenomenon of literary works, reveal the laws of literary creation, and provide theoretical support and direction for literary creation. Specifically, the basic tasks of literary theory included: 1. To study the historical and cultural background of literary creation and explore the essential characteristics and laws of literary creation; 2. Study the internal structure and function of literary works to explore the intrinsic aesthetic value of literary works; 3. Study the value and significance of literary works and explore the influence of literary works on society, life and human destiny; 4. Study the process and methods of literary creation and evaluation to provide criticism and guidance for literary creation. The basic task of literary theory is to provide theoretical support and direction for literary creation. By analyzing and explaining the phenomenon of literary works, it reveals the laws of literary creation and provides theoretical support and direction for literary creation.

Basic point of view: The main point of the novel was that the protagonist finally realized his dream and revenge through hard work and struggle. The basic basis of the argument: Through his own efforts and struggles, the protagonist obtained the opportunity and conditions to change the status quo, and seized the opportunity to carry out a successful counterattack. The protagonist experienced many setbacks and difficulties in his growth, but he never gave up pursuing his goal. The protagonist's struggle and hard work not only brought success to himself, but also brought positive influence and change to the people around him.

Literature theory is a systematic theory that analyses and studies literary works. It aims to explore the laws and principles behind literary creation, as well as the theme, thoughts, emotions, and symbolic meanings expressed in literary works. Literature theory usually included the following aspects: The origin and history of literature: to explore the origin, development, evolution and changes of literature, as well as the characteristics and development trends of literature in different cultural backgrounds. 2. The genre and structure of literature: analyze various literary genres and structures such as novels, poems, plays, essays, etc., as well as their characteristics and basic structures. 3. The ideology and symbolic meaning of literature: to explore the ideology, emotion and symbolic meaning expressed by literary works, as well as the origin and meaning of these meanings. 4. Evaluation and appreciation of literature: analyze the value and evaluation of literary works, as well as the readers 'understanding and reaction to literary works. The role of literary theory in literary research is very important. It can help researchers better understand the meaning and extension of literary works and improve the scientific and systematic nature of literary research.

The art of satire was a basic technique in literature. It mainly revealed and criticized social phenomena, human weaknesses, political corruption, and other aspects to arouse the readers 'resonance and thinking. The basic techniques and characteristics of satirical art include: 1. Irony: To achieve a sarcastic effect by expressing the opposite of the actual situation on the surface. For example, in the novel One Hundred Years of Solitude, the protagonist Ursuline used red shoes instead of black ones to express her sarcasm towards the political corruption of the time. 2. Sarcasm: To satirize in a humorous and humorous manner. For example, in the novel "Journey to the West", Sun Wukong hit Tang Sanzang with the Golden Cudgel and said,"Master, what reason do you still have?" This was a form of mockery. 3. Sarcasm: By describing the other party's appearance, behavior, speech, etc., you satirize the other party. For example, in the novel "Dream of the Red Chamber", Jia Baoyu described Daiyu as "Daiyu looks sick and sweaty all over. Her hair is messy like a hen hatching eggs." This was a form of sarcasm. 4. Satirical psychology: By revealing human weaknesses and contradictions, it satirizes the shortcomings of society and human nature. For example, in the novel The Catcher in the Rye, Holden was puzzled by the hypocrisy and maturity of his peers. He wrote,"I don't know why I pretend to be mature or why people always ask me to advise them. I'm starting to realize that I'm just a child." This was a form of ironic psychology. Understanding the basic techniques and characteristics of the art of satire while reading literary works can help us better understand and appreciate literary works and obtain deeper thoughts and experiences from them.

The basic theory of literature is a theoretical system that studies literary phenomena and the nature, laws, and characteristics behind literary phenomena. It usually includes the following aspects: The origin and historical development of literature: to study the origin, evolution and development of literature, including important periods in the history of literature, literary schools, representative works, etc. The essence and function of literature: to explore the essence and function of literature as a social and cultural phenomenon, including literature and society, literature and life, literature and thought, etc. 3. Methods and techniques of literary creation: The basic methods and techniques of studying literary creation include literary genre, language, structure, style, etc. 4. Literature evaluation and appreciation: The basic principles and methods of literature evaluation and appreciation include aesthetic standards, evaluation principles, evaluation methods, etc. The basic theory of literature is an indispensable part of literary research. It plays an important role in understanding the nature and characteristics of literary phenomena, revealing the clinical application of literary laws, and promoting the development of literature.