What is the meaning of "medicine" in Lu Xun's "Medicine"? What are the "bright lines" and "dark lines" in the story?

The meaning of "medicine" in Lu Xun's novel "medicine" can be understood from many angles. From a literary point of view, Medicine was a novel that profoundly revealed the current situation of Chinese society and human nature. In the novel, the author revealed many problems in Chinese society at that time through the dialogue and actions between the protagonist Fang Hongjian and the doctor Xia Renbao, such as the imprisonment of feudal ideology, the imperfection of the legal system, the distortion of human nature, and so on. At the same time, through the description of the protagonist Fang Hongjian, the novel also shows his inner contradictions and struggles, as well as his persistence in traditional culture and morality. Medicine was a novel that explored human nature and social issues. Through the description of the protagonist and other characters, the author reveals the greed, selfishness, cruelty and hypocrisy in human nature. At the same time, he also probes into social problems such as feudal ideology and the defects of the legal system. The novel reflected the current situation and problems of Chinese society at that time through profound thinking and unique narrative methods, which aroused the readers 'thoughts. From an artistic point of view, Medicine was a novel full of appeal and tension. The story in the novel was compact, exciting, and the characters were vivid. The vivid language was concise and philosophical, full of artistry and appeal. All these made Medicine an excellent literary work that was widely circulated and studied.

Lu Xun's Medicine was a novel that criticized traditional Chinese medicine. It mainly described the attitude and actions of a pharmacy owner and a group of doctors in the face of a plague. Traditional Chinese medicine refers to medicines extracted from plants, animals, minerals and other natural substances. It is one of the traditional medical and health care methods of the Chinese nation. In Medicine, Chinese medicine was described as a mysterious power that could cure all kinds of diseases. However, the actual efficacy and safety of Chinese medicine had always been controversial. In the novel, Lu Xun expressed his criticism of traditional medical care through the description of Chinese medicine. He pointed out that many traditional Chinese medicines were unproven and often had misunderstandings and risks in their use. At the same time, he also questioned the doctors 'attitude and actions when facing the plague. They believed that the plague was a disease that should be treated with modern medical methods instead of relying on traditional Chinese medicine. Medicine deeply reflected the defects and shortcomings of traditional Chinese medical care by describing the true appearance of Chinese medicine and the improper attitude of doctors when treating Chinese medicine. At the same time, it also expressed the author's pursuit and belief in modern medicine and science.

The word "medicine" in Lu Xun's novel "Medicine" is a symbol with rich and profound meaning. " Medicine " represented medicine in Chinese culture. In traditional Chinese culture, Chinese medicine was regarded as a mysterious science that was connected to heaven and earth and could cure all kinds of diseases. In Medicine, the protagonist Hua Laoshuan sold fake medicine to the patient's family in an attempt to make money, but the patient's condition worsened and eventually died. This reflected the hypocrisy and utilitariousness of traditional Chinese medicine, as well as people's blind trust and dependence on medicine. Medicine also represented the good and evil and contradictions in human nature. In Medicine, the protagonists Fang Hongjian and Hua Laoshuan both had different expressions of human nature. Fang Hongjian was a kind man. He tried to save the patients by selling fake medicine, but in the end, he was driven by his own greed and selfishness, resulting in the death of many patients. Hua Laoshuan was an evil man. He did not hesitate to deceive and even murder patients in order to make money. He showed the good and evil and contradictions in human nature. In Medicine, the word "medicine" also symbolized the value and pursuit of life and health. In the process of selling fake medicine, the protagonist, Hua Laoshuan, constantly thought about the preciousness of life and health, hoping to save more patients by selling medicine. This shows the value and pursuit of life and health, as well as the difficulties and challenges people face in the process of pursuing health and happiness.

Lu Xun's novel Medicine is a classic of modern Chinese literature. It tells a story about human nature, society and history, which profoundly reveals the dark side of Chinese society and the sufferings of the people. Although the ending of the novel is somewhat controversial, it is considered one of the most representative works of Lu Xun's novels and a classic of modern Chinese literature. At the end of Medicine, the protagonist Fang Hongjian's dream expressed his exploration of human nature, freedom, and dignity, as well as his reflection on traditional culture and modern society. This ending showed Lu Xun's deep insight and thinking about human nature, society and history, which gave people enlightenment and thought, and had profound cultural significance.

Lu Xun used medicine as a topic to deeply expose the dark side of Chinese society and the distortion of human nature. At the same time, he also expressed his concern and criticism of medicine and medicine. In the novel, medicine is an important character. It is not only the core of the story, but also the reflection of human nature, society and history. Medicine, as the representative of traditional Chinese medicine, was described as a medicine that lacked scientific basis and might even harm humans. Through the image of medicine, Lu Xun reflected many problems in Chinese society at that time, including the lack of medical education, the quality of medicine, the shackles of feudal ethics, and so on. These problems not only caused physical harm to people, but also affected the stability and development of the entire society. Lu Xun also revealed the distortion of human nature through the image of medicine. In the novel, although Chinese medicine was a life-saving medicine, people often paid attention to the price and effect of the medicine instead of the health and life of the patient during its use and treatment. This mentality of pursuing economic benefits and superficial effects led to the commerce of medicine and the marketing of drugs, making people's lives and health secondary. This reflected the distortion of human nature and the loss of values in Chinese society at that time. Therefore, Lu Xun's use of medicine as a topic profoundly reflected the many problems and distortions of human nature in Chinese society at that time. At the same time, he also called for people to pay attention to the safety and scientific nature of medicine and medicine to protect people's health and lives.

The overt and underhanded lines in a novel referred to the obvious clues and hints in the story as well as the hidden clues and plots in the story. Bright lines refer to the obvious clues and plots in the story. These clues and plots are usually displayed in a clear way for the reader to understand clearly. For example, the relationship between the characters, the background story, and the development of events in the novel. The hidden clues and plots in the story are usually not shown in a clear way but need to be hinted and revealed in other ways. For example, the dialogue between the characters in the novel, the psychological activities, the honey-mouthed sword in the belly, and so on. The bright and dark lines were very important elements in the process of writing a novel, which could enhance the interest and legibility of the story. When writing a novel, the author needed to be good at using the overt and hidden clues to make the story more colorful and attract the interest of the readers.

The ending of Lu Xun's novel Medicine expressed his deep thoughts on the fate of mankind and his concern for humanity. At the end of the novel, the protagonist Fang Hongjian finally realized his mistake and decided to stop selling low-quality medicine to help the patient treat and save lives. He realized that the higher the price of the medicine, the more pain the patient would suffer. He did not want to see more people suffer because of their own mistakes. This ending meant that people should recognize their mistakes and take responsibility to save more people. The ending of the novel also expressed a deep concern for human nature. The fates of the protagonist Fang Hongjian and the doctor Lu Amao were in stark contrast. Although Fang Hongjian was kind and upright, in order to help him make money, he did not hesitate to sell inferior medicine, causing the patient's pain to worsen. Lu Amao, on the other hand, was a real doctor. He cared about his patients and worked hard to treat them, but in the end, he gave up his job for personal gain. This ending hinted at the complexity and variety of human nature. People needed to recognize different choices and responsibilities and be responsible for their own actions. Therefore, the ending of Lu Xun's novel Medicine expressed a deep thought about the fate of mankind and a concern for human nature. It reminded us to seriously consider our actions and responsibilities in real life in order to save more people.

Lu Xun's Medicine was a famous Chinese novel about human nature and morality. The protagonist of the story, Fang Hongjian, was an overseas student at the end of the Qing Dynasty. While studying in England, he met a woman who sold medicine, Qiuhong. Qiuhong needed to take "medicine" because she was lovesick. However, these "medicines" caused various side effects, including hallucinations and suicidal tendencies. The emotional entanglement between Fang Hongjian and Qiu Hong, as well as their knowledge and choice of medicine, reflected the social and living conditions of the Chinese people at that time. Through Fang Hongjian's perspective, the novel explored the complexity of human nature and the choice of morality, profoundly revealing the various ills of Chinese society at that time, which had profound social significance and historical value.

The Chinese title of Lu Xun's novel Medicine contained profound meaning and symbolic meaning. Medicine had many meanings in Chinese. It could refer to medicines, treatment methods, social phenomena, and so on. In the novel, medicine symbolized a tool that could change people's fate. In the novel, the story of Hua Laoshuan selling medicine revealed many problems in Chinese society, including the lack of medical resources, the backwardness of medical knowledge, and the shackles of feudal morality. Medicine, as a medium to solve these problems, was endowed with a profound symbolic meaning. Through the symbol of "medicine", Lu Xun profoundly revealed the current situation and problems of Chinese society, calling on people to pay attention to these problems and strive to find solutions. At the same time, Medicine was also regarded as a classic of modern Chinese literature, which had a profound impact on the development and reflection of Chinese literature.

The overt and hidden lines of the article referred to the lines that were clearly shown and the lines that were not clearly shown in the story. Bright lines referred to the storyline that the author directly and clearly stated in the article, such as the protagonist's life experience, background, experiences, goals, etc. These plots are usually clearly stated at the beginning, middle, or end of the article, and the reader can directly learn about them by reading the article. Bright lines were usually the main clues of the article that drove the development of the story. Hidden lines referred to the storyline that the author did not directly express, but implied or expressed in other ways, such as the expressions, words, actions, etc. of the characters. These plots usually appear in some details of the article that do not directly involve the subject, but can be inferred by the reader through the context and other factors. The hidden lines were usually important clues in the article to provide support and hints for the development of the story. The overt and hidden lines were both important parts of the story. They could promote the development of the story, shape the image of the characters, and bring different reading experiences to the readers.